Infrastructure and Major Service Providers Yemen’s internet infrastructure is limited and highly centralized. The backbone relies on a few aging international connections and an outdated domestic network. A single subsea cable – the FALCON/FLAG system landing at the Red Sea port of Hodeidah – carries most of Yemen’s bandwidth ukraine.wilsoncenter.org washingtoninstitute.org. In fact, almost all…
Read more
Infrastructure and Major Service Providers Iraq’s internet infrastructure has expanded significantly since the early 2000s, though much of the core network remains under government ownership. The Ministry of Communications (MoC) controls the national fiber-optic backbone and international gateways, leasing bandwidth to private ISPs trade.gov. Iraq is connected via terrestrial fiber links to all six neighboring…
Read more
Internet Infrastructure and Major Service Providers Libya’s internet infrastructure is recovering and evolving after years of conflict. Under Muammar Gaddafi’s regime, the telecom sector was entirely state-controlled and private competition was virtually nonexistent mondaq.com. The primary telecommunications holding is the Libyan Post, Telecommunication and Information Technology Company (LPTIC), which oversees key state-owned providers libyareview.com. Major service…
Read more
History of Internet Development in Syria Syria was relatively late in opening internet access to the public. An internet connection was established in the country by 1997, but for years Syria was the only connected Middle Eastern country that did not allow general public access hrw.org. In the late 1990s, only government institutions and a few…
Read more
