Norway reaches near-universal online access, with about 99% of residents online, 99.1% of homes able to receive at least 100 Mbps, and 96% gigabit availability as of 2024. Fiber-to-the-home (FTTH/FTTP) is the fixed broadband backbone, with over 70% of households on fiber delivering symmetric speeds from hundreds of Mbps up to multi-gigabit. As of 2023–2024,…
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As of the end of 2024, Peru had over 4.06 million fixed internet connections, with fiber-optic accounts exceeding 3 million and about 73.8% of all fixed lines. Peru’s National Fiber Optic Backbone, Red Dorsal, is being expanded by Pronatel, with 11 regional fiber networks in operation and 8 under execution as of 2025–26, to connect…
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Infrastructure and Major Service Providers Nigeria’s internet infrastructure relies on a combination of undersea fiber-optic cables, terrestrial networks, and a handful of dominant service providers. Multiple international submarine cables land in Nigeria, connecting it to global internet hubs. Key cables include: These undersea cables terminate in Lagos and other coastal landing stations, feeding into national…
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The Ministry of Communications (MoC) controls the national fiber backbone and international gateways and leases bandwidth to private ISPs at wholesale prices around $50 per 1 Mbps. As of 2021, Iraq had about 2.1 million fixed-line/FTTH subscribers, with most of the deployment concentrated in Baghdad. Iraq has over 40 million mobile subscriptions, with 4G LTE…
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Mobile subscriptions grew from zero in 2001 to nearly 100% penetration by 2021. A nationwide fiber-optic backbone was being rolled out, including a 400 km cross-border fiber link to China via the Wakhan Corridor that was near completion in 2021. The Taliban’s return to power in August 2021 stalled or halted many fiber and broader…
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Over 4,200 ISPs were registered in August 2024, with Kyivstar leading the market at about 19%, Vodafone Ukraine around 9%, and Lifecell around 5%. Ukraine has 52 active data centers and 24 IXPs, and about 63% of popular content is cached within the country. Starlink became a pivotal connectivity lifeline during the war, with SpaceX…
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