Battle of the Action Cams 2025: GoPro Hero 12 vs DJI Osmo Action 4 vs Insta360 X4 – Which Reigns Supreme?

• GoPro Hero 12 Black records 5.3K60 and 4K120 video with a 1/1.9″ sensor and 27 MP stills.
• DJI Osmo Action 4 uses a 1/1.3″ sensor, tops at 4K120 (1080p240 in slow motion), supports D-Log M 10‑bit, and features RockSteady 3.0+ stabilization with HorizonSteady.
• Insta360 X4 records 8K 360° video at 30 fps, 5.7K60, and offers 4K60/4K100 single-lens modes with dual fisheye lenses and a 2.5″ touchscreen.
• Stabilization is HyperSmooth 6.0 AutoBoost with horizon lock on GoPro, RockSteady 3.0+ with HorizonSteady on DJI, and FlowState stabilization on Insta360 X4 for 360° horizon lock.
• GoPro and DJI provide about 155–156° FOV, while Insta360 X4 delivers 360° coverage with dual lenses and a fixed f/2.2 aperture per lens.
• GoPro Hero 12 Black is waterproof to 10 m, Action 4 to 18 m without housing, and Insta360 X4 to 10 m.
• Battery life varies: Hero 12 uses a 1,720 mAh Enduro battery with roughly 50–60 minutes at 4K60, Action 4 uses 1,770 mAh for about 72 minutes at 4K120, and X4 uses 2,290 mAh for up to 135 minutes.
• Weights are about 154 g for Hero 12, 145 g for Action 4, and 203 g for Insta360 X4.
• Launch pricing notes: Hero 12 launched at $399 and is around $300 now; Action 4 launched at $499 (Standard kit); Insta360 X4’s launch price is not listed in the article.
• Expert guidance in the article suggests GoPro excels in daylight detail and ecosystem, DJI offers ease of use and strong low‑light performance, and Insta360 X4 shines for immersive 360 shots with post‑capture reframing capabilities.

Quick Comparison and Key Features

To kick off this showdown, here’s a side-by-side look at the key specs and features of the GoPro Hero 12 Black, DJI Osmo Action 4, and Insta360 X4:

At a glance: The GoPro Hero 12 Black and DJI Osmo Action 4 are direct rivals with similar form factors and pricing – GoPro pushes higher resolution (5.3K) and industry-leading stabilization, while DJI offers a larger sensor for better low-light and an innovative magnetic mount. The Insta360 X4 is a different beast, capturing everything around you in 360°; it sacrifices a bit of per-angle resolution for the ability to reframe shots later and create unique effects (like the “invisible selfie stick” drone-like shots). All three are rugged, waterproof action cams capable of stunning footage, but each has its niche:

• GoPro Hero 12 Black: Excels in daylight video with crisp detail and class-leading video stabilization (HyperSmooth 6.0). Shoots up to 5.3K60 and offers advanced tools like 10-bit Log (GP-Log) for color grading and wireless audio support. However, its small sensor struggles in low light, and battery life is only average. Great for GoPro veterans and those who value the vast GoPro accessory ecosystem.
• DJI Osmo Action 4: Features a 1/1.3″ sensor (about 25% larger than GoPro’s) for improved image quality and low-light performance. It maxes out at 4K120 (no 5K) but delivers superb video with D-Log M 10-bit color and has excellent stabilization (RockSteady 3.0+) and audio. Its magnetic quick-release mounting and front touchscreen make it extremely user-friendly, and its waterproof depth (18 m) is best-in-class. A fantastic GoPro alternative, especially for newcomers who want hassle-free use.
• Insta360 X4: A 360° action cam that can capture every direction in 8K 360 video. With dual lenses and Insta360’s powerful software, you can shoot first and reframe later, achieving shots impossible on traditional cams (like immersive third-person views). It also offers a single-lens 4K mode for standard action cam use. The X4 boasts innovative modes (Bullet Time slow-mo, hyperlapse, horizon lock) and a big battery, but its smaller 1/2″ sensors mean low-light video is its Achilles’ heel. Ideal for creative adventurers who want versatility and don’t mind a bit of extra editing.

Below, we dive into detailed comparisons of these cameras in terms of design, performance, stabilization, battery, software, and more, plus a look at what experts say and what’s coming next in the action cam world.

Design and Build Quality

The GoPro Hero 12 Black retains GoPro’s iconic compact design with robust build quality. It has dual screens (a large rear touchscreen and a front status/display screen) and uses GoPro’s familiar folding mounting fingers on the bottom (now augmented by a standard 1/4″ tripod thread) for compatibility with a vast range of accessories. The Hero 12 is waterproof to 10 m (33 ft) out of the box, with a protective lens cover that can be removed to attach mods or ND filters. At ~154 g including battery, it feels solid yet pocketable. GoPro hasn’t strayed far from the Hero line’s proven form factor, which prioritizes durability and mountability over radical design changes ^[3].

The DJI Osmo Action 4 looks similar in shape to the GoPro (a small rectangular camera) but introduces some thoughtful design tweaks. Notably, its base has a built-in magnetic quick-release mount – you can snap it on and off mounting plates or accessories in seconds, a “genius” quality-of-life feature that reviewers say “blows the GoPro out of the water” in daily use. The Action 4 also has dual color screens, and importantly both are touch-sensitive (the 1.4″ front touchscreen allows changing settings even when the camera faces you – great for vlogging). It’s slightly heavier than GoPro at ~145 g but still very compact, and its rugged metal frame and rubberized grips inspire confidence. DJI managed to achieve best-in-class waterproofing (18 m) without a housing, so it’s ready for diving deeper than the GoPro can go. Overall, the Action 4’s build is tiny, tough, and user-friendly, carrying over the solid design of the Action 3 but refining its weak points (e.g. a more securely attached lens ring).

The Insta360 X4 departs from the classic action cam shape – it’s a tall, vertical camera with a lens on each side, designed to capture a full 360° sphere. It has a single large 2.5″ touchscreen on one face (no secondary screen, since you typically frame shots after recording). The X4 is a bit heavier (≈203 g) and larger than the others, owing to its dual-lens system and big 2,290 mAh battery. Build quality is excellent; it feels sturdy and Insta360 improved durability with Gorilla Glass on the touchscreen and new detachable lens protectors included in the box. Like the others, it’s waterproof (10 m) without extra housing, which is impressive for a dual-lens device (for deeper or distortion-free underwater 360 shooting, a dive housing is available). The X4 has a standard 1/4″ mounting hole and comes with an adapter for GoPro-style mounts, so you can still strap it onto helmets, boards, or use Insta360’s own mounting accessories. In hand, the X4 feels like a futuristic gadget – slim and vertical – emphasizing that its use-case differs from a typical wide-angle action cam.

Overall design verdict: All three cameras are built to survive adventure – they’re shockproof, waterproof, and have removable batteries and lens covers. The GoPro Hero 12 sticks to a tried-and-true design that guarantees compatibility with years’ worth of mounts and mods, but changing mounts can be fiddly (screws and clips) compared to DJI’s system. The DJI Action 4 wins praise for design innovations: its quick-swap magnetic mount makes repositioning the camera effortless, saving time during action shoots, and its front touchscreen and intuitive menus make it very ergonomic. The Insta360 X4 is inherently less “stealthy” due to its form, but it’s purpose-built for creativity – the trade-off is a slightly bulkier device that you’ll often use with a selfie stick or handle to get the full benefit of 360° capture. In summary, if ease of mounting and on-the-go adjustments are top priority, the Action 4’s design is a standout; if you want a more traditional GoPro ecosystem or minimal profile, the Hero 12 fits the bill; and if you’re after immersive shots, the X4’s design enables that in a durable package.

Video and Photo Performance

When it comes to imaging prowess, each camera takes a different approach. The GoPro and DJI shoot in the conventional wide-angle style, while the Insta360 can capture an all-encompassing 360° view. Here’s how they compare in real-world performance:

• Resolution & Frame Rates: The GoPro Hero 12 Black can record video up to 5.3K at 60 fps (using its full 8:7 sensor for flexibility) and 4K at 120 fps for silky slow motion. This high resolution means you can crop into footage (or pull 24 MP still frame grabs) and still end up with sharp 4K output. The DJI Osmo Action 4 tops out at 4K at 120 fps – it doesn’t hit 5K or 6K due to its 10 MP sensor resolution, but 4K120 is on par with GoPro’s slow-mo capability (and it can do 240 fps at 1080p for extreme slow motion). In practice, 4K from the Action 4 looks excellent and the lack of 5K is only a factor if you need extra room for cropping or editing zooms. The Insta360 X4, meanwhile, records 8K 360° video at 30 fps, which is a huge jump from the X3’s 5.7K. That 8K covers the entire sphere, so when you “reframe” a 16:9 view out of it, the effective resolution is closer to 4K – still very detailed, especially with the X4’s improved image processing. The X4 can also do 5.7K at 60 fps (useful for 360 slow-motion or higher quality reframes) and up to 4K at 100 fps for slow-mo in 360, plus a dedicated single-lens mode at 4K60. In terms of pure numbers, GoPro leads in maximum framerate at 2.7K/240fps for the craziest slow-mo, GoPro and Insta360 lead in resolution (5.3K wide and 8K 360, respectively), while DJI’s resolution is a notch lower but still within the ultra-HD realm.
• Image Quality (Daylight): Under good lighting, all three produce sharp, vibrant footage, but with some differences in color science and dynamic range. GoPro has a snappy, high-contrast look by default – TechRadar notes that Hero 12 footage appears “more crisp and less subdued” in tone than DJI’s, which can be a plus for action footage that pops. GoPro’s latest image processor and tuning yield excellent detail and stabilization without distortion, especially when using the new HDR video mode for scenes with mixed lighting. The DJI Action 4 benefits from its larger sensor by capturing more detail in shadows and a more natural look. Out-of-camera, DJI’s colors are slightly more muted compared to GoPro’s punchiness, but this can be preferable for some – it’s a flatter look that you can grade to taste. DJI also introduced a 10-bit D-Log M profile, bringing it to parity with GoPro’s GP-Log in offering professionals a flat color profile to maximize dynamic range. Wired’s review found that in bright scenes (like a sunrise), the Hero 12’s auto-exposure sometimes produced a brighter image out-of-the-box, whereas the Action 4 required manual tweaks to match – but overall, in normal daylight, “performance of the two cameras [Hero 12 and Action 4] is very similar” in terms of image quality. The Insta360 X4 in daylight produces impressive results for a 360 camera: 8K resolution helps maintain crispness when you punch into a portion of the frame, and the camera offers Standard, Vivid, and Flat color modes, plus an HDR mode for high-contrast scenes. The X4’s footage tends to be very good in well-lit conditions, though it may not quite match the per-pixel bite of the GoPro or DJI in a head-to-head, simply because each of its sensors is handling half the view. Still, for sharing on social media or viewing on a phone, X4 videos look detailed and the stabilization + horizon leveling (more on that later) keeps things ultra-smooth and level.
• Field of View and Lenses: All three have extremely wide fields of view to capture the action. The Hero 12’s lens covers about 155–156° at its widest (in 8:7 mode or SuperView), the Action 4 is about 155° as well (both equivalent to ~12-13 mm focal length), and they both can de-warp to a linear view or HorizonLock mode with some digital crop. The difference is minor: GoPro’s lens is a hair faster (f/2.5 vs f/2.8 on DJI), which very slightly favors low-light, whereas DJI’s is fractionally wider in angle (you’d hardly notice 155° vs 156°). Insta360 X4, on the other hand, effectively sees everything around it (360°×180°) thanks to its dual fisheye lenses. When exporting standard video, you can choose your FOV – anything from ultra-wide POV to a tighter linear crop – all from the same footage. The X4’s lenses are f/2.2, and you have to be mindful of the stitch line (the seam where the two lenses’ images are stitched) – if a subject is right up against the camera at that seam, it can appear distorted or cut, a common limitation of all 360 cams. For most action use (where subjects are a bit farther away or you’re using the invisible selfie stick), this isn’t a big issue.
• Photo Capabilities: The Hero 12 Black can snap 27 MP still photos (in 8:7 or 4:3) and it supports RAW mode for enthusiasts. Reviewers note that GoPro’s RAW photos have surprisingly good dynamic range and sharpness for such a small sensor. It’s great for grabbing on-the-go shots or pulling high-res frame grabs from 5K video (approximately 24–27 MP stills). The DJI Action 4, interestingly, has a lower pixel count – it shoots 10 MP photos (down from 12 MP in Action 3) due to the sensor trade-off for larger pixels. While 10 MP sounds small today, the quality of those pixels is high; still, the Action 4 isn’t a top choice if you prioritize photography or want to crop photos heavily. (The new Action 5 Pro bumps this to 40 MP, but more on that later.) In side-by-side tests, Wired found GoPro’s still photos (including RAW) to have better dynamic range and detail than DJI’s, which suggests GoPro’s image processing and higher pixel count pay off for stills. The Insta360 X4 can capture massive 72 MP 360° photos (stitched) and 36 MP single-lens photos. These can be in RAW (DNG) or JPEG, and the 360 stills are great for interactive viewing or reframing to find the best angle after the fact. The X4 even offers an 18 MP HDR photo mode for greater dynamic range in 360 stills. For most casual users, 72 MP is overkill, but it speaks to the X4’s focus on capturing everything so you can extract the best shot later. Just remember that composing a good 360 photo often requires using the app to pan around afterwards to find your ideal framing.

In summary, all three cameras deliver outstanding video in well-lit conditions. The GoPro Hero 12 stands out for its combination of high resolution and polished out-of-camera output (with rich colors and lots of detail). The DJI Action 4’s larger sensor gives it a slight edge in dynamic range and low-noise imagery, plus its color profile is flatter by default which some pros prefer for editing. The Insta360 X4 can’t match the per-frame detail of the GoPro in a straightforward shootout, but what it offers is flexibility – you can film first and decide on your framing later, essentially giving you multiple camera angles from one clip. This creative freedom comes at the cost of a more involved editing process and some resolution trade-off for any given angle, but within the context of social media and normal screen sizes, X4 footage holds up very well. If your goal is traditional action footage and ease of use, GoPro or DJI have the edge; if it’s unique perspectives and immersive content, Insta360 X4 opens up possibilities the others simply can’t do (like the wild “bullet time” slow-motion where the camera swings around you at 120fps for a Matrix-like shot).

Stabilization and Horizon Lock

One of the defining features of modern action cams is their incredible image stabilization – eliminating shake to make handheld or mounted footage look smooth, even in extreme sports. All three cameras excel here, but with some differences in approach:

• GoPro HyperSmooth 6.0: GoPro has been a pioneer in digital stabilization, and the Hero 12’s HyperSmooth 6.0 is arguably the best yet. It dynamically adjusts stabilization strength (AutoBoost) to balance shake reduction and image crop, so you get gimbal-like smoothness without overly cropping the field of view until needed. In practice, you can sprint, bike over rocks, or take big air, and the footage remains remarkably steady. TechRadar flatly stated “the Hero 12 Black’s stabilization is fantastic” and even claimed it outperforms the DJI Action 4 in stabilization quality. GoPro also offers 360° Horizon Lock (if you enable Linear + Horizon Lock mode or use the Max Lens Mod), meaning the camera can rotate fully and the horizon stays level. Without the mod, the Hero 12 can still correct quite a bit of tilt (up to 27° in Linear mode, or full lock in narrower modes) – useful for activities like mountain biking where keeping a level horizon makes footage easier to watch. Overall, HyperSmooth has matured to a point where even bumpy, chaotic scenes look silky in the final video, cementing GoPro’s reputation here.
• DJI RockSteady 3.0+ and HorizonSteady: DJI’s stabilization tech on the Action 4 is equally impressive – so much that most reviewers put it neck-and-neck with GoPro. RockSteady 3.0+ is always-on electronic stabilization that counters shakes on all axes; TechRadar’s reviewer was able to sprint alongside a running dog and got “smooth as silk” footage with no gimbal needed. DJI also includes a HorizonBalancing/HorizonSteady feature: in standard modes, the Action 4 will correct roll up to a certain angle (horizon leveling), and there is a full 360° horizon-lock mode (called HorizonSteady) available at lower resolutions or with slight crops. This is similar to GoPro’s horizon leveling, ensuring your video stays upright even if the camera rotates completely. The main limitation noted was that RockSteady 3.0+ incurs a small crop (as all EIS does), and combined with the Action 4’s already wide 155° FOV, the effective FOV remains quite wide after stabilization. In short, you won’t need a gimbal – even high-impact activities (running, mountain biking, skiing etc.) look super stable on the Action 4, and the horizon can stay level for a professional feel.
• Insta360 FlowState Stabilization: Since the X4 is inherently capturing a 360° view, it has enormous latitude for stabilization. Insta360’s FlowState stabilization analyzes the 360 footage and can completely eliminate shake by reframing the horizon in software. The result is that even aggressive movement looks smooth, and because the camera captures all directions, you can enable a perfect horizon lock 360° – no matter how much the X4 rotates or flips, the horizon in your edited shot can be locked dead-level. This is a huge benefit of 360 cams: you basically cannot “miss” the angle or mess up the leveling; you decide orientation in post. The X4 also offers direction lock (to fix the view on a particular compass direction regardless of camera rotation) and deep stabilization for things like FPV drone shots. In summary, FlowState makes the X4 as smooth as the others, if not more in some cases – for example, you can mount it on a selfie stick while running and get a super steady “floating camera” effect. The trade-off is minor: stabilization and reframing happen in the app or editing software later (one extra step compared to GoPro/DJI which stabilize in-camera), but the process is quite seamless with Insta360’s app. For those concerned, the X4 also has a “Post Stabilization” option if you want to capture with minimal processing and stabilize later, but most use the default which bakes in stabilization based on your chosen angle when exporting.

In practical terms, all three cameras produce very stable footage out-of-the-box – you can handhold them or mount on a chest, bike, etc., and expect a steady result. GoPro’s HyperSmooth is slightly lauded for edge cases (it’s highly refined and was best-in-class in many tests), but DJI’s RockSteady is virtually as good – most users would be hard-pressed to tell a difference in normal use. The Insta360 X4’s stabilization is uniquely flexible thanks to 360 capture: it’s basically impossible to produce a shaky or tilted horizon if you use the software correctly. One thing to note is that extremely low light or very high shutter speeds (fast action in dark scenes) can challenge any stabilization because of motion blur or noise – but under typical conditions, these cams make your footage look like it was shot on a stabilizer. Expert tip: If you plan on a lot of fast motion and want the absolute widest view on GoPro, consider the Max Lens Mod 2.0 accessory, which on Hero 12 allows an ultrawide 177° FOV with horizon lock at up to 4K60 ^[4]. For DJI, using the standard wide FOV and RockSteady will give similar results (DJI’s horizon lock might require dropping to 2.7K for full 360° lock). For Insta360, just remember to keep the selfie stick out of direct view (the software will erase it if it’s beneath the camera) and you’ll get an almost drone-like stabilized perspective.

Low-Light Performance

Low-light shooting is where sensor size and aperture really start to matter. Here the DJI Osmo Action 4 often has the upper hand thanks to its larger 1/1.3″ sensor and larger pixels, whereas GoPro has historically struggled in the dark, and 360 cams like the Insta360 X4 have small sensors that introduce noise in low light.

• GoPro Hero 12 Black in low light: GoPro improved things marginally generation by generation, but the Hero 12 still inherits the Achilles’ heel of its predecessors – grainy, noisy footage in dim lighting. In scenes like dusk, indoor settings, or night, the Hero 12’s small 1/1.9″ sensor can’t gather as much light, so it often has to crank up ISO, leading to visible noise and loss of detail. TechRadar bluntly noted that low-light video is GoPro’s “Achilles’ heel” and that even with some fun Night Effect modes (like Star Trails or Light Painting), it “doesn’t make up for the grainy video” in genuinely dark scenes. If you’re shooting by streetlights or a campfire, you can expect Hero 12 footage to be okay for casual use, but comparatively darker and noisier than what the Action 4 can deliver. GoPro does offer tools like Manual Exposure, ISO limit adjustments, and new HDR Video which can help in moderate low light (HDR video can lift shadows a bit in high-contrast scenes). Also, using the 8:7 sensor and then outputting to 16:9 can effectively downsample some noise. However, fundamentally, if nighttime or indoor action is a priority, GoPro isn’t the strongest performer in this trio. (The newer Hero 13 reportedly addresses this partly with a new sensor or processing, but again, that’s for later discussion.)
• DJI Osmo Action 4 in low light: This is where the Action 4 shines. Its 1/1.3″ sensor with larger pixels (and the same f/2.8 aperture lens) simply gathers more light, producing a cleaner image in dark conditions. Side-by-side, users and reviewers consistently note that the Action 4 retains more detail in shadows and less noise at night than the Hero 12. Wired’s testing echoed this: around a campfire at night, the Osmo Action 4’s footage revealed more in the dark areas and rendered colors (firelight vs ambient light) more accurately, whereas the Hero 12’s video was muddier and struggled with the color cast. DJI also added a D-Log M profile which, when used in low light, can preserve more dynamic range that you can brighten in post without as much breakdown. The Action 4 doesn’t perform miracles – it’s still a small-sensor camera, so very dark environments will be somewhat noisy or soft on details. But relative to GoPro, it can mean the difference between a usable night clip and an unusably grainy one. TechRadar flatly states that in low-light video, “DJI takes the crown here” over GoPro. It’s also worth noting DJI introduced a dedicated Night Mode for timelapse and maybe some video modes (in later firmware or the Action 5 Pro), indicating they prioritize low-light improvements. In short, if you plan to record a lot at dawn/dusk, in caves, concerts, or nighttime adventures, the Action 4 will yield clearer, brighter footage than Hero 12 in most cases.
• Insta360 X4 in low light: The X4 has dual 1/2″ 48 MP sensors (effectively 72 MP for 360), which means each individual pixel is quite small. As a result, low-light is a challenge – the camera compensates with aggressive noise reduction, which can make footage look smudgy or soft in the dark. Insta360 actually built in a smart trigger: if the X4 detects a very low-light scene, it will recommend switching from 8K to 5.7K, because the higher resolution mode can worsen noise (8K pushes the sensor to its limits). In processed results, X4 low-light videos are often surprisingly clean after noise reduction, but you’ll notice less detail and some motion blur – it’s a trade-off to avoid a completely grainy image. TechRadar’s review noted that while low-light is not great on X4 (no worse than X3 or other 360 cams), the upgrade to 8K doesn’t hurt low-light performance compared to earlier models. Put simply, the X4 is on par with other small-sensor cameras: fine for city lights or moderately lit scenes, but not the go-to for pitch dark action. One tip: use the HDR video mode or the Flat color profile in low light – HDR can brighten shadows (with some processed look) and Flat will give you a bit more room to tweak exposure in editing. Also, the X4’s FlowState stabilization might introduce additional softening in extreme low light because the camera can’t use fast shutter speeds without noise – so some of the ultra-smoothness might come at the cost of motion blur in dark settings. If you often shoot night content, Insta360’s own advice might be to consider their modular cameras or 1-inch edition (which have larger sensors), but within this comparison, the Action 4 remains the strongest low-light performer.

Bottom line: The DJI Osmo Action 4 is the clear winner for low-light video between these three. It simply sees better in the dark, producing footage with more clarity and less grain when the sun goes down. The GoPro Hero 12, while improved over older GoPros, “drops the ball” in dim scenes and will show noticeable grain and loss of detail. The Insta360 X4, constrained by physics of smaller sensors, holds its own through software magic to an extent, but you shouldn’t expect noise-free night footage – it’s acceptable for social media and viewing on a phone, but on a big screen the low-light limitations are evident (unless you mount it and use slow shutter for timelapses or static shots). If your adventures involve a lot of night skiing, camping, or indoor shooting, the Action 4’s advantage in this department could be a deciding factor. If it’s mostly daylight action, all three will perform brilliantly and low-light differences won’t matter as much.

Battery Life and Heating

Nothing is worse than an action cam dying mid-adventure. All three cameras use removable rechargeable batteries, and each brand has made strides in battery life. Let’s compare endurance and any heat considerations:

• GoPro Hero 12 Black: The Hero 12 comes with GoPro’s 1,720 mAh Enduro battery, which is an improved high-performance battery that also fits Hero 9/10/11 models. GoPro made big claims about efficiency, and indeed the Hero 12 does last longer than the Hero 11 in most cases. Officially, GoPro quoted up to 70 minutes of 5.3K60 recording on a charge, or around 90 minutes at 4K30 (in moderate temperatures). In practice, users report roughly 50–60 minutes at 4K60 continuous, which aligns with TechRadar’s note that battery life is still “mediocre” – enough for many clips in a day, but you’ll want spare batteries for extended sessions. One positive: the Hero 12 introduced better power management when filming longer clips or wirelessly offloading, and it also tolerates heat better than the Hero 11 did. Wired noted that GoPro’s latest model (Hero 12/13) managed to curb overheating issues that plagued older GoPros in high resolutions. However, in one test a reviewer still encountered overheating at 5.3K in an air-conditioned room after a long clip – this suggests that if you push the Hero 12 to the max (e.g. 5.3K60 for a half hour or more), it could thermal throttle or shut off to cool, especially in warm environments. For typical use (short action clips, photo bursts, etc.), it’s not a big problem, but it’s worth noting if you plan to use it like a dashcam or for very long continuous recordings. Carrying a couple of Enduro spares is a common solution (they charge fairly fast, especially with GoPro’s dual-battery charger). As for charging, the Hero 12 can recharge via USB-C and supports pass-through power (you can run it with external power for longer shoots, though it may still heat up). Overall, battery life on Hero 12 is decent but not class-leading – GoPro improved it, yet it still earned only lukewarm feedback due to comparisons with DJI’s runtime.
• DJI Osmo Action 4: The Action 4 uses a slightly larger 1,770 mAh battery (DJI calls it Extreme Battery), and one of DJI’s bragging points is the efficiency of their system. In real-world terms, Wired measured ~72 minutes shooting 4K120 on a single pack, which is the most demanding mode. That’s actually excellent – 4K120 is a battery hog, so getting over an hour at the highest spec is impressive. DJI claims up to 160 minutes at 1080p30 (likely under ideal conditions with no WiFi) ^[5]. In general, you can expect the Action 4 to slightly outlast the GoPro for a given resolution. It also handles heat well – DJI’s design and perhaps lower clocked chipset mean it doesn’t overheat easily. Many users praise that DJI cams don’t shut off as readily as GoPros historically did (and DJI marketed “no overheating” with Action 3). The Action 4 also has an advantage in charging: the Adventure Combo includes a nifty 3-bay charging hub that can fast-charge three batteries. DJI says you can reach 80% charge in just 18 minutes for each battery using that hub – a huge plus in the field. Even without the hub, the Action 4’s battery can quick-charge in-camera via USB-C PD. Essentially, battery life on Action 4 is excellent – reviewers frequently note you get “impressive 2 hours of 4K recording on a full charge” in real-world tests. One caveat: aggressive settings like RockSteady+Horizon balancing and very cold weather can reduce runtime (true for all cameras). DJI’s on-screen battery gauge is reliable, and swapping batteries is easy with the side-loading compartment. TechRadar did mention “middling battery life” as a con ^[6], but that was likely in comparison to the huge claims – in practice, most find it sufficient, especially with the spare batteries from the combo kit. TL;DR: The Action 4 can go a bit longer per battery than Hero 12, and it recharges much faster (with proper gear), which minimizes downtime.
• Insta360 X4: With its beefy 2,290 mAh battery, the X4 boasts the longest endurance here. Insta360 advertises up to 135 minutes of continuous recording on one charge (at 5.7K30 presumably). That’s a 67% jump over the X3’s 81 minutes, thanks to higher capacity and efficiency improvements. Reviewers confirm that the X4 can indeed last over 2 hours in standard modes, which is superb for an action camera. Even at 8K, you can record quite long clips – though note that file size might become a limiting factor (8K generates huge files that can fill a memory card and also the camera may split files every ~30 minutes). The X4’s battery endurance is enough that an all-day adventure might only need one or two batteries, whereas with GoPro/DJI you might carry 2–3 for heavy use. Another benefit: the X4 supports charging on the go via USB-C (you could hook up a power bank between shots). It doesn’t have the kind of quick-charge dock that DJI’s combo has, but the larger capacity means you may not need to swap as often. Heat management: The X4, when pushing 8K, can get warm. Insta360 notes that if stationary and shooting high-res, the device can become “moderately warm”. The camera will automatically dim or turn off its display after a while to reduce heat. In practice, if you use it moving (wind cooling it) or in shorter bursts, overheating isn’t a significant issue. If you try to record a very long 8K clip in a hot environment with no airflow, you might see it eventually get hot – but generally the battery will probably deplete around the same time it would overheat. The X4’s metal body parts help dissipate heat too. It’s worth mentioning that the X4 is doing more processing (stabilization is applied during export on the app/desktop rather than heavy processing on-camera), which might help it run cooler during capture compared to a GoPro that’s stabilizing on-chip. Overall, the Insta360 X4 provides exceptional battery life for its class – it’s one of the best endurance 360 cams on the market, and it clearly surpasses the Hero 12 and Action 4 in this department.

In summary, DJI and Insta360 offer longer shooting times and better fast-charging options than GoPro in this generation. The Hero 12’s battery will get the job done for typical use, but heavy users (e.g. recording lots of 4K60 clips back-to-back) will want spare batteries and might encounter some thermal limits in very demanding scenarios. The Osmo Action 4 is a workhorse – it runs cool and lasts a bit longer on each charge, and with the charging case you can almost continuously cycle batteries (charging one to 80% in ~18 minutes while using another). The Insta360 X4, with the largest battery, is king of endurance here – 2+ hours of continuous shooting is feasible, a big plus if you’re doing something like a long hike and capturing a timelapse or a long 360 recording. For most users, carrying 2 batteries for either GoPro or DJI will more than cover a full day of on-and-off shooting. All three let you swap batteries quickly, and none have built-in batteries (so you’re free to bring extras, unlike some older mini cams).

Usability and Interface

A camera’s specs mean little if it’s a pain to use. Fortunately, these action cams all have refined interfaces and controls, but there are some usability distinctions:

• Menus and Touch Interface:GoPro Hero 12 runs GoPro’s latest UI, which is simplified from years past – it has quick presets (Easy/Pro modes) and responsive touch on the rear screen. The menu system is straightforward, but adjusting settings on the fly can be a tad fiddly, especially if the camera is mounted facing you (since the front screen isn’t touch). You often have to stop and navigate via the rear screen. DJI Action 4, by contrast, gets rave reviews for its user-friendly interface: having both front and rear touchscreens means if the camera is front-facing (selfie mode), you can still swipe through menus and change modes easily. DJI’s menus are considered intuitive, with a “Quick Switch” button (Q button) on the side that instantly pulls up a preset list – you can change shooting modes/profile with one press, which GoPro lacks (on GoPro you have to tap the screen or use voice). Wired highlighted that this Q button and menu system make the Action 4 “superior in ease of use”, letting you jump between say, 4K60 video and photo mode with a single press, whereas on GoPro it’s a more involved process. The Insta360 X4 has a larger touchscreen which reviewers found simple and effective. Insta360’s menu uses swipes for different settings (e.g., swipe to switch lens view, etc.). While the X4 has no physical mode button like DJI, its interface is fairly clean – plus, many users rely on the Insta360 mobile app to remotely control the camera (since often you might not be holding the camera while filming, e.g. if it’s on a pole). All cameras support voice control (GoPro and DJI have a set of voice commands to start/stop recording, take photo, etc., which is handy if the camera is mounted out of reach; Insta360 also has voice commands and even gesture control for certain modes). In terms of display, GoPro and DJI’s rear screens are similar size (~2.25″) and bright; Insta360’s 2.5″ is a bit larger which is nice for reviewing 360 photos/videos on-camera by dragging around.
• Mounting and Handling: This is a big usability factor. The DJI Action 4’s magnetic quick-release mount is widely loved – you can go from a chest mount to a tripod to a selfie stick in seconds by simply detaching/attaching the camera, no screws or clips needed. It locks firmly (DJI uses a clamp + magnet system) so it’s secure even in high vibration scenarios, but it saves a lot of time. The GoPro’s folding fingers mount is very secure and universal, but it requires threading a thumbscrew each time you swap mounts, which is more time-consuming. There are third-party quick-release mounts for GoPro, but out-of-the-box it’s not as convenient. If you frequently move your camera between mounts (helmet to dash to handheld etc.), the DJI system is a clear advantage – “super-flexible and easy to take with you,” as TechRadar put it. Insta360 X4 mounting is generally via either the 1/4″ thread or an included adapter to GoPro-style mounts. Often, X4 users utilize the invisible selfie stick which screws into the base. It’s a bit of a different use pattern – you’re often holding the X4 or placing it on a monopod/tripod to get 360 shots, rather than strapping it flush to your body (though you can, but the lenses protrude so you must be careful not to scratch them). So in pure mounting convenience, DJI wins for quick swaps, GoPro wins for ubiquitous compatibility (everyone makes GoPro-compatible mounts), and Insta360 is fine but usually you’ll mount it on specialized accessories like the selfie stick for optimal results.
• Vlogging & Framing: Usability for vlogging or selfies is best on the Action 4, thanks to that front touchscreen. You can frame yourself with the front display and also adjust settings/tap record without flipping the camera around. GoPro’s front screen can show your image for framing, but you can’t navigate menus with it, so any setting change requires using the rear (meaning un-mounting or turning it). GoPro’s UI does have a quick toggle for landscape vs portrait (it can auto-detect orientation or lock vertical shooting mode, which is neat for Instagram/TikTok content without rotating the camera physically). Insta360 X4’s approach to vlogging is different: often you would just record 360 video and later choose the angle that shows you. The X4’s MeMode or “Snap Wizard” in the app can automatically track and keep you in center frame, which is quite magical – it means you can just let the camera capture everything and not worry about pointing it. However, doing this requires post-processing. If you prefer a camera you point-and-shoot directly at yourself, GoPro or DJI might be simpler.
• Additional Controls: GoPro has a couple of physical buttons (shutter and mode/power) and lacks a dedicated quick switch. DJI has shutter, power (long-press), and the Quick Switch (customizable profiles). Insta360 X4 has a power and shutter button; mode switching is via the touch menu. All support some form of remote control: GoPro can use the GoPro Bluetooth remote (sold separately) or smartphone; DJI has a Bluetooth remote accessory; Insta360 can be controlled via phone or Apple Watch etc. These are extras but can enhance usability if you film yourself from a distance.
• Reliability & Quirks: All three cameras have matured firmware as of 2024/2025. Early on, the Action 4 had a few reports of a focus issue (some units slightly misfocused at very close distance due to the new lens – DJI mostly fixed this in production or via software by a focus calibration). The GoPro Hero 12 had some minor bugs at launch (some users reported wireless audio reconnection issues, etc., but firmware updates have smoothed things out). Insta360 X4 being a newer model might still get firmware refinements; one noted quirk is a slightly long startup time (~2-3 seconds) from off to ready – not huge, but GoPro/DJI boot a bit quicker. Once on, they all respond fast.

In terms of pure user experience: The DJI Osmo Action 4 often gets the nod as the easiest to operate. Wired’s reviewer goes so far as to say if you’ve never owned an action cam before, the Action 4 is the better choice “for its superior ease of use” in day-to-day shooting. The combination of the magnetic mount, dual touch screens, and quick-switch button makes it very user-centric. The GoPro Hero 12 is by no means difficult – GoPro has refined their interface and it’s generally intuitive, plus the GoPro voice commands (“GoPro, start recording” etc.) work well up to moderate distances which mitigates some of the interface needs. If you’re already in the GoPro ecosystem, you might even prefer sticking with its UI out of familiarity. The Insta360 X4 has a bit more of a learning curve for newcomers, not because of the on-camera menu, but because the whole workflow involves the app for reframing and editing. However, Insta360’s app is user-friendly and even has AI-powered auto editing for those who want it. For example, the app can auto-find highlights in your 360 footage and create a reframed edit with music, which is a different kind of ease-of-use: you let the software do the work. So one could argue Insta360 is easy in post, whereas DJI is easy on the spot.

Finally, all three cams have small things that improve usability: voice feedback/beeps, tally lights (all have front recording LEDs so you know it’s rolling), and smartphone connectivity for preview. The Hero 12 and Action 4 both offer scheduled capture and looping modes (useful if you want to set a time-lapse at sunrise automatically or use it as a dashcam), and Insta360 X4 can also do interval shooting, timelapse etc., though setting those might be done from the app for convenience.

App, Editing Software, and Ecosystem

Each camera is backed by a companion app and broader ecosystem that extends what you can do with your footage:

• GoPro Quik App & Cloud: GoPro’s app, Quik, allows you to preview shots, transfer footage, and do quick edits on your phone. It has improved over the years – pairing is smooth (the Hero 12 offers fast wireless offload, especially if you use the GoPro subscription cloud backup). The Quik app can automatically generate montage videos from your clips, and you can manually trim and add music, etc. It’s fairly user-friendly for basic edits or social media posts. One cool feature: if you have a GoPro subscription (optional $50/year after first year discount), your camera can automatically upload footage to the cloud when charging, and you get unlimited cloud storage and automatic highlight videos generated. The Hero 12 also introduced AutoBoost and GP-Log settings accessible in the app for fine-tuning. GoPro’s ecosystem includes GoPro Studio (legacy) or using any editor like Premiere or DaVinci Resolve with the 10-bit Log files. For advanced editing (especially if you use GoPro’s ProTunes settings or Log), you’ll likely use a desktop workflow, but Quik suffices for quick turnaround. GoPro doesn’t lock you in – footage is standard formats (MP4 with H.264/HEVC), easily imported anywhere. The subscription’s value-add is convenience and some editing themes/filters unlocked in Quik. In the accessory ecosystem (more on hardware in a moment), GoPro has things like the Media Mod (which adds a better directional mic, 3.5mm mic jack, HDMI-out) and the Max Lens Mod 2.0 (ultrawide lens) that extend capabilities – these tie into the ecosystem by requiring firmware support, which GoPro provides in-camera (e.g. Hero 12 has options for Max Lens Mod FOV). So the GoPro ecosystem is very robust: from apps to accessories to their GoPro Plus cloud, it’s a mature system.
• DJI Mimo App & Integration: The Osmo Action 4 works with DJI Mimo, the same app used for DJI’s handheld cameras. Through Mimo, you get a live view, extensive settings control, and the ability to download and edit clips. DJI’s apps historically weren’t as slick as GoPro’s, but they’ve improved. Mimo offers an AI Editor (LightCut integration) that can auto-generate edits similar to GoPro’s Quik. The advantage for DJI is if you also fly DJI drones or use other DJI gear – the ecosystem allows some integration (for example, Action 4 footage color-matches well with DJI drone footage, and as Wired noted, it “integrates better with DJI drone footage, and pairs nicely with DJI’s wireless microphone” for a seamless workflow). DJI doesn’t have a cloud backup service for action cam footage – you manage files manually. However, their files are standard MP4, usable in any NLE. One notable feature: DJI introduced Bluetooth microphone support and their own DJI Mic which can record directly into the camera – something GoPro only does via Media Mod or by pairing Bluetooth earbuds as a mic (Hero 12 can use earbuds, but quality may vary). DJI’s ecosystem includes other imaging products and they seem to be unifying their software experiences. The Action 4 can also use the DJI Mic 3 and upcoming accessories with minimal fuss (just plug in the USB-C mic adapter for external mic if not using the wireless kit). Editing DJI footage is straightforward – many reviewers simply treat it like GoPro footage and cut in Premiere/Final Cut. Where DJI might be a bit behind is the social media and cloud aspect – they rely on third-party or manual sharing more than a GoPro-style cloud platform. But for most, pulling the videos onto a phone via Mimo and sharing works just fine.
• Insta360 App & Studio: Insta360 arguably has the most feature-rich software because 360 video requires it. The Insta360 mobile app is powerful: it lets you preview in real-time over WiFi, control the camera, and most importantly, reframe and edit 360 content with ease. You can drag the view around, set keyframes, or use clever auto-tracking – e.g. tap on a person or object and the AI will track them, keeping them in center frame throughout the video (using the 360 data). The app also has a Shot Lab with many creative templates (sky swap, stop-motion effects, clone trails, etc.) that you can apply to your footage – one of Insta360’s strong appeals is these fun effects are a few taps away, no complex editing needed. For example, you can do the “Tiny Planet” or “Giant Planet” effect, auto hyperlapses, or the ghosting time-lapse, all within their app. On desktop, Insta360 Studio software allows more precise reframing on a bigger screen and can export in various aspect ratios. You can also directly import 360 footage into Adobe Premiere using Insta360’s plugin to keyframe there. The X4’s workflow typically involves: shoot, then connect to app or transfer files, then export your chosen angles. It’s extra work compared to a point-and-shoot GoPro clip, but the app’s intuitive design (you literally move your phone around to point the camera view if you want) makes it quite accessible. Insta360 also has their own cloud for uploading and sharing 360 content, but it’s not as central as GoPro’s. Instead, they focus on providing tools to edit and then you can share to YouTube (which supports 360 video or reframed standard video) or any platform. Another aspect of Insta360’s ecosystem: they have a range of cameras (X series, One RS modular series, tiny GO cameras) and their app supports them all, meaning if you invest in Insta360 gear, you handle them in one place. They also keep adding AI editing templates over time (often trending effects). For someone not keen on manual editing, Insta360’s auto-edit stories can be a huge time saver – you might come back from a trip, run the auto editor, and get a cool montage of your highlights with minimal effort. On the flip side, if you love manual editing, the creative potential is vast but you’ll need to spend time on each clip deciding how to view it.

In terms of ecosystem accessories (hardware & third-party support): GoPro is the king. There is an entire industry of GoPro-compatible mounts (helmet mounts, chest harness, jaws clamp, surfboard mounts, you name it) – and the Hero 12 will work with all of them. GoPro’s own accessory lineup includes things like the Media Mod, Light Mod, display mod (for older Hero8, though not needed on Hero12 with built-in screens), and various mounts. They even have specialty gear like a scuba housing, bite mounts, and the Max Lens Mod 2.0 (which, as mentioned, gives a crazy wide 177° view with full horizon lock at lower resolutions) ^[7]. DJI, being newer in this space, nonetheless offers many of the essentials: a Vlog Combo or Adventure Kit might come with an extension rod/selfie stick, adhesive mounts, a cage that has the magnetic adapter, etc. DJI’s mount system has an adapter to the standard 2-prong mount, so you can actually use many GoPro mounts with it as well. DJI sells its own cold shoe adapter, lens hood, bike mount, chest strap, etc., but also third-party support for Action cameras has grown (some mounts now ship with both GoPro and DJI adapters). Unique DJI accessories include the DJI Mic, which isn’t physically part of the camera but is a wireless mic system that pairs beautifully – the camera can accept audio from the DJI Mic receiver via USB-C directly for perfect audio sync. DJI’s magnetic base also allowed some interesting mods: for example, on Action 2 (the predecessor modular cam) they had a magnetic lanyard and macro lenses, and that concept could extend to Action 4 (one could imagine magnetic ND filters or macro lens attachments, though those might need a different frame due to changed lens thread). Out of the box, DJI provides a protective lens cover and you can swap it for ND filters (DJI sells ND filter sets that screw on to the lens). Insta360’s ecosystem for the X4 revolves around creative mounts: the signature one is the Invisible Selfie Stick, which disappears from the stitch so you appear to have a floating camera or “dronie” shot – a must-have for 360 cam users. They offer an extended 3m selfie stick for huge drone-like perspectives, as well as chest straps, helmet mounts (often a unicorn mount that holds it above your head), suction cups for cars, etc. There’s also the Bullet Time handle – a handle that doubles as a mini tripod and a rotating grip to swing the camera around you on a cord for slow-mo orbit shots. For X4 specifically, since it’s new, Insta360 offers things like replacement lens protectors, mic adapter, and a lens cap. You can also use the X4 as a 360 webcam via their software, which is a neat ecosystem feature (GoPro can be used as a webcam too, but in a standard wide mode). The Insta360 ecosystem extends to their other cameras; while not directly relevant to X4 vs GoPro vs DJI, it means if you like their approach, you might get the modular One RS for 4K wide or 1-inch sensor needs, and use the same app.

Overall software verdict: If you want a straightforward, minimal editing workflow, GoPro and DJI let you grab footage and share quickly, with GoPro’s Quik being a bit more polished for auto-edits and cloud backup if you subscribe. If you enjoy or require a more creative post-process, the Insta360 X4’s software ecosystem unlocks a ton of possibilities that the others can’t easily do (automatic subject tracking reframes, mind-bending effects, etc.), but it demands more involvement. Many action enthusiasts actually use a combination – for instance, use a GoPro for POV and an Insta360 for special shots, editing them together. But since we compare the cams directly, note that GoPro’s app and subscription add convenience (backup and quick edits), DJI’s interface and quick toggles add speed in the field, and Insta360’s app adds creative power in post. Your preference might depend on whether you’d rather spend time editing or not.

Accessories and Expandability

We touched on this above, but to summarize the accessory ecosystems:

• GoPro Hero 12 Black Accessories: A major selling point of GoPro is the huge range of accessories and mods available. Official ones include the Media Mod (a wraparound cage with a directional mic, 3.5mm mic jack, HDMI-out and two cold shoes), which content creators love for expanding audio options and hooking up external monitors. The Max Lens Mod 2.0 gives you a ultra-wide 177° view with horizon lock up to 4K60 – ideal for ultra-immersive POV or making sure your video never tilts ^[8]. There are also ND filter sets, a Protective Housing for deep diving (up to 60 m), and various mounts (chesty harness, handlebar mount, surfboard mount, suction cup, bite mount, etc.). GoPro even has specialty mounts like the Mouth Mount (for hands-free POV, popular with surfers), and a new Volta Grip (a combination grip, tripod, remote and extra battery pack) – though Volta was mainly marketed with the Hero 10/11 Creator Edition, it works with Hero 12 as well, effectively tripling battery life and serving as a Bluetooth remote. Third-party companies produce countless mounts, cases, and creative accessories (from cage frames that add filters to things like polarizing filters, to 3D printed mounts for unique placements). The compatibility of the folding fingers mount with the traditional two-prong mount means anything made since the original GoPro works here. In short, if you can imagine mounting or modifying a GoPro, someone probably makes the part for it. This ecosystem maturity is hard to beat.
• DJI Osmo Action 4 Accessories: DJI’s official accessory list at launch included the Standard Frame (actually the camera doesn’t need a frame for mounting; it has built-in fingers and magnetic base – the frame might be for adapting it to accessories or adding a lens hood), an Extension Rod (selfie stick) which comes in the Adventure Combo, adhesive mounts, a quick-release adapter base, and a slew of optional mounts: wrist strap, head strap, bike mount, suction cup, etc. ^[9]. They also have a 3.5mm USB-C mic adapter for plugging external mics, a Bluetooth remote (can be worn like a watch), and interestingly lens ND filters. Because Action 4’s lens cover is removable (and slightly different thread from Action 3), you can attach ND filters – useful for matching motion blur/frame rate in bright light for cinematic shots. The magnetic mounting system also works with the Action 2’s magnetic lanyard (meaning you can wear it on your chest magnetically). Third-party support for DJI is growing – many GoPro mount makers now make magnetic mount kits for Action 3/4. For example, you can get a Magnetic Snap-In mount for a car that the Action 4 just clicks into. DJI also seems to be expanding the Osmo series ecosystem – e.g., the newly launched DJI Osmo 360 (360 camera) and the rumored Osmo Nano (a small cam) might share some accessories or mounting styles (the TechRadar links hint at DJI battling Insta360 with new form factors ^[10]). Overall, while not as extensive as GoPro’s decade-built catalog, DJI offers all the essential mounts and a few innovative extras, and compatibility with GoPro-style mounts via adapter means you have no shortage of ways to mount the Action 4.
• Insta360 X4 Accessories: Insta360 provides a range of accessories tailored to 360 shooting. The top ones are the Invisible Selfie Sticks – standard (~1 m) and extended (3 m) versions – which are basically must-haves for getting those drone-like shots and third-person perspectives. The Bullet Time Cord/Handle allows you to swing the camera around yourself for the “bullet time” slow-motion effect (the X4 records 4K120 or 3K100 in that mode to make a 360° slow-mo around you). There’s also an Underwater Housing/Dive Case specifically to get stitching correctly underwater beyond 10 m (water refracts light differently, so a special case with dome lenses helps maintain the seamless 360 view when submerged). For mounting, Insta360 sells various Mounting Brackets that hold the X4 and give you a GoPro-mount interface, as well as things like clamp mounts, chest straps (with an extension rod to get the camera up a bit for 360 capture without your head blocking one lens), helmet mounts with extension, etc. A novel accessory is the GPS Remote, which logs GPS data to your footage for overlaying stats (though GoPro does this with built-in GPS on the camera – note: Hero 12 removed the GPS chip to save power, ironically, so you’d need the GoPro smart remote or phone for GPS telemetry on Hero 12). Insta360 also has a Quick Reader – a device that lets you record directly to it or quickly transfer footage by plugging it in (not sure if X4 supports it, but X3 did). The ecosystem strength of Insta360 lies in these creative use accessories – if you want a certain shot, they’ve likely thought of a way to mount the camera for it. For example, motorcyclists often use the Insta360 Motorcycle U-bolt Mount combined with a long extension to get a 360 cam view that shows the rider from a third-person perspective, something much harder to achieve with a single-lens cam.

In all, GoPro’s ecosystem is the most extensive and battle-tested, DJI covers the bases plus has some unique perks (magnetic system, DJI Mic integration), and Insta360’s ecosystem is specialized but very effective for its style of shooting. If you already have a bag full of GoPro mounts, you can actually use many of them with DJI Action 4 (via adapter) and even Insta360 (via bracket), so you’re not locked in by mounts alone. It’s more the electronic accessories (mic modules, lens mods, etc.) that are proprietary: GoPro’s Media/Max Lens Mods only work on GoPro; DJI’s specific magnetic accessories only on DJI; Insta360’s editing workflow is unique to Insta360.

Choosing one, consider what you plan to do: if you want to, say, easily mount a mic and vlog with great audio – GoPro with Media Mod or DJI with external mic are options, with DJI possibly simpler (no media mod needed, just adapter or wireless mic). If you want to capture yourself skiing from a drone-like angle, Insta360 with a selfie stick will do something GoPro/DJI can’t without an actual drone. If you want to mount a camera on your skateboard trucks – any of them can with the right mount, but GoPro perhaps has the lowest profile (X4 might be too tall/vulnerable, DJI/GoPro are similar). These are the considerations where accessories matter.

Expert Opinions and Reviews

To get an objective sense of how these cameras stack up, let’s look at what expert reviewers from top tech sites have said:

• GoPro Hero 12 Black: TechRadar lauded the Hero 12 as a refinement that “edges closer to perfection,” highlighting its incredible stabilization and abundance of features. The addition of 10-bit Log and wireless audio support makes it attractive to filmmakers, though TechRadar also pointed out it’s very similar to the Hero 11 and not a necessary upgrade for owners of the previous model. They did criticize its low-light performance, calling it “disappointing” compared to the DJI Action 4, and battery life as only mediocre. WIRED’s upcoming review (as referenced via GoPro) noted that with 5.3K full-sensor video, the Hero 12 provides “excellent quality video and lots of versatility to crop,” and that its stabilization is “some of the best I’ve ever seen”. However, DPReview’s review (hosted on DPReview.com) also encountered overheating in extended 5.3K recording and lamented the removal of the GPS module in Hero 12 (a strange downgrade from Hero 11). Overall, reviewers love the Hero 12 in bright light and for action shooters who primarily film in the day – it’s described as one of the most versatile and powerful action cameras out there. The consensus is that Hero 12 Black delivers great footage with minimal fuss, but it didn’t leap ahead in hardware, and it faces stiff competition now rather than automatically being the go-to choice.
• DJI Osmo Action 4: TechRadar’s verdict was glowing – they called it “a fantastic action camera” that is tiny, rugged, versatile, and “delivers better image quality than its predecessor… packing more detail in challenging environments and low light”. They emphasized the benefit of the larger sensor and noted DJI “outdoes the GoPros with its quick and convenient magnetic mounting”. Pros listed were improved image quality, wider FOV than main competition, excellent stabilization, and incredibly convenient mounting ^{[11] [12]}. The cons were few: a minimum focus distance of 0.4 m (so not great for super close-ups), and “middling battery life” (though as discussed, others found battery quite good) ^[13]. WIRED’s review titled “Finally, a Worthy GoPro Competitor” gave it 8/10 and praised the Action 4’s larger sensor with bigger pixels (for low-light), simple magnetic mount, excellent battery life, very fast charging, and the easy-to-use Q menu. Wired noted that sometimes the GoPro had better default exposure in tricky lighting, but at night the Action 4 clearly produced better results. They also loved the front touchscreen and basically said using the Action 4 is a joy compared to GoPro: “the quick-release magnetic mounting system just blows the GoPro out of the water… GoPro has to come up with a magnetic mount system”. Wired’s bottom line: If you’re new to action cams, the Action 4 is easier to use and a better choice, whereas GoPro still has an edge in some image quality aspects and ecosystem if you’re already invested. TechRadar’s direct comparison piece decisively concluded: “The Osmo Action 4 wins this battle hands-down” against Hero 12 for most users, citing its hassle-free mounting, better low-light, and cheaper price for what you get. They did add that die-hard GoPro fans will be happy with Hero 12, but objectively, Action 4 outperformed Hero 12 in many areas and is the better buy for someone starting fresh.
• Insta360 X4: TechRadar reviewed it as “the best 360-degree camera just got better”, referring to it as the new unrivaled 360 cam in 2024. They were impressed by the jump to 8K, the versatile 4K single-lens mode, and the host of creative features. The TechRadar Verdict reads: “We can’t think of a more capable handheld 360-degree camera than the Insta360 X4”, praising its 8K detail, superb battery life, effective stabilization, horizon lock and fun modes. Pros included the 8K video resolution for excellent detail, superb battery life, and versatile/fun shooting modes. Cons noted were low-light image quality (small sensors still not great in dark) and the inevitable stitch line on 360 footage (an issue for all dual-lens cams), plus the large file sizes of 8K. TechRadar gave it 4.5/5 stars and essentially crowned it the “2024’s unrivaled 360-degree camera”, at least until competitors respond. They also mention that rivals like GoPro Max are dated and that the X4 “handles superbly” and captures footage you simply can’t with a phone or single-lens camera. While mainstream outlets like The Verge don’t typically do deep 360 cam reviews, the X4 has been well received in the 360 community for bringing high-res and reliability. One reviewer on TechRadar’s team noted that the X4 “now also feels like a highly capable action camera… and dash cam”, indicating its single-lens mode and ruggedness make it more than just a niche 360 device ^[14]. The bottom line from experts: if you want the most advanced consumer 360 cam, X4 is it – just keep in mind the workflow and low-light limitations, which they clearly call out (it’s best in bright conditions, like most small cams).

In distilled form, experts generally agree that:

• The GoPro Hero 12 Black is a top-tier action cam with phenomenal stabilization and pro-friendly features like Log and HDR, but it’s an incremental upgrade held back by poor low-light and familiar shortcomings (battery life, menu quirks). It remains a go-to for daytime action and GoPro ecosystem loyalists, and is still “a very capable action camera in 2024”.
• The DJI Osmo Action 4 has effectively matched or beaten GoPro at its own game in several respects – notably ease of use and low-light performance. Reviewers found it highly recommended and often the better choice for new buyers, calling it “a polished GoPro alternative” that in some ways is more enjoyable to use.
• The Insta360 X4 wowed reviewers in the 360 space; it’s not directly a GoPro competitor but rather a category of its own. Experts praise it as the most capable 360 camera, ideal to “complement your smartphone” or traditional camera for creative shots. They do caution that it’s not magic in low-light (no small sensor cam is) and that working with 8K files means a heavier workflow, but the fun factor and unique footage it enables are big selling points.

Finally, many reviewers emphasize that we’re at a point where action camera choice depends on use-case. As TechRadar put it, the race has “never been tighter” and whichever top camera you choose, you’ll get great footage. It often comes down to day vs night shooting, or usability vs ecosystem, or 360 vs standard. We can sum up their advice: pick the camera that aligns with most of your activities (and if you can, use more than one for different perspectives).

Upcoming Models and Rumors

The action camera market is always evolving. Beyond these three models, here’s a peek at what’s on the horizon or newly released, according to industry news and rumors:

• GoPro Hero 13 Black (2024) and Hero 14 (2025?): GoPro didn’t stop at Hero 12. In September 2024 they launched the Hero 13 Black, which became their new flagship. Notably, the Hero 13 introduced swappable Lens Mods and an easier magnetic mounting system – yes, GoPro finally added a form of quick-release mount, likely taking a cue from DJI. It still uses the same imaging sensor and resolutions as Hero 12, but is considered “the most complete GoPro” yet with those usability upgrades. For 2025, GoPro Hero 14 Black is widely expected around September 2025 (GoPro’s release cadence is annual). Digital Camera World reports that GoPro’s CEO confirmed two new cameras are coming in 2025 – one is the Max 2 (more on that next), and the other is presumed to be Hero 14, possibly with significant upgrades ^{[15] [16]}. Rumors suggest Hero 14 might finally move to a larger sensor (potentially 1-inch) to vastly improve low-light, and it may feature a new GP3 processor for better performance. GoPro has indicated they’re working on a new image processor and also a specialized “low-light camera” for 2026. So, Hero 14 could see a leap in image quality if the sensor rumor holds, plus any new tricks like perhaps 8K video or further stabilization improvements. As always, GoPro is tight-lipped until launch, but the CEO’s hints of focusing on low-light and processing power give a good clue.
• GoPro Max 2 (360 Camera, 2025): GoPro’s 360° camera, the GoPro Max, hasn’t been updated since 2019 and fans have been awaiting a Max 2. It’s confirmed that GoPro Max 2 is coming in 2025 – Nicholas Woodman (CEO) has explicitly said a new Max will launch before end of 2025 ^[17], and GoPro even teased a product that is likely the Max 2 (with leaked prototype images). Rumors/leaks point to dual 1/2″ or possibly larger sensors, 5.6K or higher resolution (maybe trying to match or beat Insta360 X4’s 8K), and improved software. According to an Imaging-Resource note, the Max 2 will retain the folding fingers mount and have a rugged build, continuing GoPro’s style. We’ve seen mention that GoPro dropped teaser images of the Max 2 in late 2024, suggesting a launch could be in early or mid-2025 (some rumors pegged late August 2025 as likely). For GoPro fans, the Max 2 is exciting because it might integrate well with the Hero line (imagine using Max 2 for 360 and Hero for first-person, both feeding into GoPro’s Quik app seamlessly). If GoPro can deliver something like dual 1″ sensors, it could leapfrog Insta360 – but that’s speculation. Keep an eye out around GoPro’s typical event times or any special announcements in 2025 for the Max 2.
• DJI Osmo Action 5/6: DJI surprised everyone by releasing an Osmo Action 5 Pro in September 2024 (just one year after Action 4). The Action 5 Pro, as per DJI’s announcement, is a substantial upgrade targeting GoPro Hero 13. It retains the 1/1.3″ sensor but reportedly ups still photo resolution to 40 MP (from 10 MP), potentially through a new sensor or Quad Bayer tech. It still does 4K120 for video (no mention of 5K, so likely still capped at 4K). A standout spec: 64 GB of internal storage – a first for action cams, meaning you can shoot without a microSD or have a backup if your card fills. DJI also claims improved battery life (possibly up to 4 hours!) – if true, that’s a huge jump, perhaps in a low-power mode. New features on Action 5 Pro include a Night Mode for better low-light, 360° Horizon Steady (maybe full horizon lock at all resolutions) and even 960fps ultra slow-mo according to some leaks. It launched at around $379 (standard) / $479 (combo) in Europe, similar pricing to Action 4. Just months after Action 5 Pro, there were FCC filings hinting at an Osmo Action 6 or a variant, which is unusual. It’s possible DJI will have a shorter refresh cycle or multiple tiers (the “Pro” moniker suggests maybe a non-Pro Action 5 or Action 6 might come later with different features). For now, Action 5 Pro looks like DJI doubling down on their advantages: low-light, battery, and now adding extreme slow-mo and even internal storage (so you never miss a shot due to a bad SD card). This shows the competitive pressure on GoPro – DJI is iterating fast.
• DJI Osmo 360 (2025): DJI entered the 360 camera arena in mid-2025 with the Osmo 360, their first 360° action cam. It launched globally (though US shipments slightly delayed) on July 31, 2025. The Osmo 360 is positioned to challenge Insta360 X5 and GoPro’s upcoming Max 2. Its headline specs: dual 1-inch sensors (massive for a 360 cam) and native 8K 360° video with 10-bit color. Essentially, DJI took the 1″ sensor tech from their high-end cameras (or from the Insta360 One RS 1-Inch 360 co-designed with Leica) and made their own device. This means potentially better low-light 360 footage and overall image quality. The Osmo 360 also likely integrates with DJI’s ecosystem (using the DJI Mimo or a new app). One source noted it’s available to preorder, with Standard Combo likely priced in a similar range as X5 or a bit higher. Features probably include FlowState-like stabilization (DJI calls it something like HorizonSteady 360) and maybe some AI editing, though details are still emerging. Vice’s coverage on launch day highlighted that outside the US it’s already on sale. For consumers, the arrival of Osmo 360 means more choice in 360 cams – Insta360 no longer has that niche to itself. It will be interesting to see comparisons between Osmo 360 and Insta360 X5: TechRadar even teased “5 ways DJI Osmo 360 beats Insta360 X5 and 2 ways it doesn’t”. So far, likely wins for DJI are sensor size and possibly price (if they undercut), while Insta360 might still win on software richness. We’ll have to see reviews, but if you’re considering a 360 cam, now DJI offers a compelling option.
• Insta360 X5 (2025): As expected from their 2-year cycle, Insta360 released the X5 as the successor to X4 in April 2025. It launched at a price of $549.99. The big upgrade: dual 1/1.28″ sensors (approximately 1.0-inch type when combined view, but each is slightly smaller than 1/1.3). These sensors have lower resolution per sensor (maybe around 30 MP each) but much larger pixels, aiming to drastically improve low-light and overall image quality. The X5 still shoots 8K 360 video (likely 8K30), but thanks to the sensor upgrade, it can also do things like better HDR or maybe slightly higher frame rates (the DroneDJ snippet shows X5 vs X4: 5.7K60 remains same, but perhaps X5 can do 8K30 with better quality). The X5 is billed as “the smartest, toughest 360 camera” by Insta360 – it likely has improved AI (maybe auto reframing in-camera?) and better ruggedness (maybe higher waterproof rating or more durable body). Indeed, Insta360 did a big launch event in NYC for it, indicating it’s their new flagship. If you just bought X4, this might sting, but the X4 is still excellent – X5 just pushes the envelope with bigger sensors (1/1.28″ ~ 0.8″, roughly 0.64x the area of a 1″, but much bigger than 1/2″). Early comparison notes say X5’s low-light is much improved and overall clarity even better, at a slight price bump. So, Insta360 is not sitting idle while DJI enters the space; X5 ensures they remain at the cutting edge for consumers. Also rumored for Insta360 is an X5S or X5 Pro later, but nothing concrete – however, the naming “X5” itself is flagship.
• Insta360 Ace Pro 2 and others: Interestingly, Insta360 has also branched into standard action cams recently. In late 2023, they introduced the Insta360 Ace Pro, co-engineered with Leica, featuring a 1/1.3″ sensor (like Action 4) that can even record 8K up to 30fps. The Ace Pro is basically Insta360’s answer to GoPro/DJI in the single-lens space, offering 4K120 and advanced AI features (and it has a flip-up touchscreen for vlogging). Now rumors and listings show an Ace Pro 2 (with dual AI chips, 8K sensor, and ~3-hour battery life). It seems Insta360 is aggressively expanding: Ace Pro line for action cams, X series for 360, and GO series for mini cams. While Ace Pro wasn’t mentioned by the user, it’s worth noting Insta360 is becoming a full-spectrum competitor – the Ace Pro 2 (if it comes in 2024/25) could challenge DJI Action 5 and GoPro Hero 13/14 directly, boasting an 8K sensor and possibly best-in-class low-light for an action cam. This competition benefits consumers with rapid innovation.
• Other Brands and Models: Beyond the big three, there are a few others in the periphery. Sony hasn’t updated its action cam line in years (their latest was RX0 II, more a specialty cam). Akaso, Yi, and other budget brands offer cheap action cams, but they typically don’t reach the performance or polish of GoPro/DJI. We’ve also seen newcomers like Rilo (bought by Apple perhaps for VR, not in market now) and PanoClip etc. For 2025, one interesting rumor is Apple potentially eyeing the action cam market (nothing solid, but given they acquired some camera tech and have a focus on AR/VR, maybe one day an “Apple action cam” could appear, though nothing concrete yet). On the 360 end, aside from GoPro Max 2 and DJI Osmo 360, there’s also Kandao Qoocam 8K that was mentioned, but it’s older and pricey, and Ricoh Theta X for pros. TechRadar hinted at a budget 360 cam coming too, possibly from Insta360 (they launched a tiny Insta360 GO Ultra in 2025 as well for casual users). DJI Pocket 3 (a gimbal mini-cam) launched in late 2023, which isn’t an action cam but an alternative for stabilized video.

In conclusion, the near future will see:

• GoPro likely upping its game with Hero 14 (new sensor and processor) and finally a new 360 Max 2 ^[18].
• DJI expanding with Action 5 Pro (already out) and maybe Action 6, plus firmly entering 360 cams with Osmo 360.
• Insta360 continuing rapid innovation with X5 and Ace Pro series.

For an action cam buyer, this means more choices and better tech each year. If you need something now, the cameras we compared are among the best you can get in early 2025. But if you’re the bleeding-edge type, you might watch for Hero 14 (possibly addressing GoPro’s low-light gap with a rumored 1″ sensor) or consider the DJI Action 5 Pro if you want the absolute latest in battery life and features like internal storage. And for 360, the battle between Insta360 X5 and DJI Osmo 360 will be one to watch – either way, 360° video is becoming more mainstream with these advancements.

Conclusion: Which Camera Should You Choose?

After this deep dive, it’s clear that GoPro Hero 12 Black, DJI Osmo Action 4, and Insta360 X4 are all exceptional in their own ways. The “best” camera really depends on your priorities and shooting style:

• Choose the GoPro Hero 12 Black if you’re an adventure shooter who values the crispest image quality in bright conditions, top-notch stabilization, and the robust GoPro ecosystem of accessories and mods. It’s perfect for traditional action cam use – mounting on helmets, surfboards, chest rigs – and delivering reliably great footage. Vloggers will appreciate its versatile 8:7 sensor for cropping vertical/horizontal video from the same shot, and existing GoPro users will love that all their mounts and mods work seamlessly. Keep in mind you’ll get the best results in good lighting; if low-light or nighttime is a big part of your work, GoPro might leave you wanting (unless you bring additional lighting). But for daytime adventures, sports, and travel, the Hero 12 is a proven workhorse that “captures great-looking footage” and offers the best stability and ecosystem support. Plus, with its price now lower than launch, it’s a better value than ever. And remember, if you invest in GoPro, you can always upgrade within that system (Hero 13, 14, etc.) and keep using your gear.
• Choose the DJI Osmo Action 4 if you want an action camera that’s extremely user-friendly and excels across a wide range of conditions. It’s the camera that many reviewers would pick for everyday shooting because it makes the process easy and fun – the magnetic mount and front touchscreen remove friction from capturing shots. If you do a lot of shooting in mixed or low lighting (sunrises, indoors, dusk), the Action 4’s larger sensor will give you clearer, brighter footage with less noise than GoPro. It’s also a fantastic vlogging option – you can frame yourself and control settings from the front, and even attach DJI’s wireless mic for high-quality audio. The stabilization and image quality are essentially on par with GoPro in daylight, and some prefer DJI’s color out-of-camera for being a bit more natural. As TechRadar concluded, for anyone entering the action cam market fresh, the Osmo Action 4 is a superb choice that outperforms Hero 12 in many areas. You’re not losing much by going DJI – you still get a full accessory range (and GoPro-mount compatibility), and you gain convenience. The only caveats: max resolution is 4K (not 5K, though 4K120 is plenty for most), and the ecosystem isn’t as vast as GoPro’s (though it’s growing quickly). Considering its often slightly lower price and the added goodies in DJI’s combo packs, the Action 4 is a tremendously value-packed, hassle-free action cam that many experts now favor for general use.
• Choose the Insta360 X4 if your creative vision goes beyond the front-facing rectangle of a traditional camera – you want to capture the entire 360° world around you and create immersive or unique content. The X4 is ideal for adventurers, travel bloggers, and content creators who love to experiment with angles – you can get shots that look like you had a personal drone following you, or do impossible third-person perspectives while skiing, mountain biking, etc., using the invisible selfie stick. It’s also great for event videography (you won’t miss anything because you recorded everything). With its 8K capability and improved stabilization, the X4’s output can be reframed to standard videos that still look very sharp. However, be prepared for a different workflow: you’ll spend time in the Insta360 app or Studio picking your angles and exporting footage. If you enjoy that process, it’s incredibly rewarding – the creative possibilities are endless, and Insta360’s AI tools can assist or automate a lot of it. The X4’s superb battery life is another plus – you can trust it on long shoots. Choose the X4 if you’re okay with doing some editing and want footage that stands out with a “how did they film that?” factor. It might not replace a GoPro or DJI for every use (for example, pure head-mounted POV might be simpler with a GoPro), but it augments your storytelling in ways flat cameras cannot. As TechRadar put it, the X4 (and now X5) is the perfect complement to a smartphone or standard camera for holidays and events, capturing angles you can’t otherwise. If you foresee a lot of low-light filming, the X4 wouldn’t be the top pick – but for daylight and creative shots, it’s a winner that reviewers couldn’t praise enough for being “distinct and capable”.

In many cases, it might even make sense to combine these tools. Some professional creators carry a GoPro or DJI for primary POV footage and a 360 cam like Insta360 for secondary angles and special shots. But if you’re choosing one:

• For maximum ease-of-use and versatility in most situations (and especially if you want to hit the record button and not think too much), the DJI Osmo Action 4 is arguably the best all-rounder right now. It brings GoPro-level performance with a user-friendly twist, and it slightly edges out Hero 12 in tough lighting and convenience.
• For absolute image quality in standard view and a well-proven system, the GoPro Hero 12 Black is still a fantastic choice – and it’s more affordable than ever, making it great value for a camera that, not long ago, was state-of-the-art. Plus, if you’re already in the GoPro club, sticking with it means all your stuff (batteries, mounts, etc.) stays useful.
• For next-level creative shots and immersive content, the Insta360 X4 opens a door that the other two don’t – it’s less about beating GoPro or DJI and more about doing something different. If that excites you, you won’t regret it, as long as you’re fine spending time with the editing app.

Finally, it’s worth noting that the action cam landscape is rapidly evolving, as we saw in the rumors section. New models like GoPro Hero 13/14, DJI Action 5 Pro, and Insta360 X5 are pushing boundaries even further. But the cameras we compared in detail – Hero 12, Action 4, X4 – are all currently available and have proven themselves in the field. They’re not going to suddenly become obsolete; each will continue to serve well for years. So base your choice on what fits your needs today – you can’t go wrong, as all three are excellent in their domains.

As TechRadar aptly said, “Generally speaking, the action camera race has never been tighter… Whichever you go for, you’re getting a fantastic action camera.” Each has its edge: the Hero 12 Black edges ahead for those who mostly shoot in daylight and want the best stabilization and GoPro’s ecosystem; the Action 4 leads for ease of use, low-light, and a more flexible mounting experience; and the X4 (or the newer X5) reigns supreme for 360-degree creativity and all-around adventure capture. Consider what you’ll be filming and how you like to work, and let that guide you to the camera that will become your trusty companion on your next epic adventure.

Sources:

• TechRadar – GoPro Hero 12 Black review
• TechRadar – DJI Osmo Action 4 review ^[19]
• TechRadar – Insta360 X4 review
• Wired – DJI Osmo Action 4 Review
• DPReview – GoPro Hero 12 Black Review
• Digital Camera World – GoPro in 2025 (Max 2, Hero 14) ^[20]
• DroneXL – DJI Osmo Action 5 Pro announcement
• Vice – DJI Osmo 360 launch news
• Reddit – Insta360 X5 rumors and launch info

References

1. www.techradar.com, 2. www.techradar.com, 3. www.techradar.com, 4. www.theverge.com, 5. www.techradar.com, 6. www.techradar.com, 7. www.theverge.com, 8. www.theverge.com, 9. www.techradar.com, 10. www.techradar.com, 11. www.techradar.com, 12. www.techradar.com, 13. www.techradar.com, 14. www.techradar.com, 15. www.digitalcameraworld.com, 16. www.digitalcameraworld.com, 17. www.digitalcameraworld.com, 18. www.digitalcameraworld.com, 19. www.techradar.com, 20. www.digitalcameraworld.com