Reports

Company History and Founding SpaceX (Space Exploration Technologies Corp.) was founded by entrepreneur Elon Musk in 2002. Musk invested $100 million of his own money (from his PayPal sale) to start the company, driven by a vision of dramatically reducing space launch costs and enabling the colonization of Mars. The initial motivation came after Musk’s…
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Overview of Croatia’s Internet Infrastructure (Urban vs. Rural) Croatia’s internet infrastructure has made significant progress but still shows a gap between urban and rural areas. As of 2022, about 77% of the population are regular internet users (97% among youth) trade.gov. In cities and towns, residents typically enjoy fast broadband (86% of households have access…
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Côte d’Ivoire is undergoing a digital transformation, rapidly expanding internet infrastructure and connectivity across the country trade.gov. Fueled by government ambition to become a West African digital hub trade.gov, investments in fiber-optic networks, mobile broadband, and even satellite internet are reshaping how Ivorians access the online world. Internet usage has grown from only a fraction…
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In the coming decade, a trio of advanced space observatories will open new windows on the universe, tackling some of the most profound mysteries in astronomy. These next-generation telescopes – NASA’s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, and the European Space Agency’s PLATO and ATHENA missions – are poised to revolutionize our understanding of everything from…
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The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is the largest, most powerful and most complex space telescope ever launched science.nasa.gov. A joint mission of NASA, ESA, and CSA, JWST serves as a “cosmic time machine” for modern astronomy by using infrared vision to peer back over 13.5 billion years and reveal the earliest stars and galaxies…
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Comoros is a small archipelago nation in the Indian Ocean, comprised of three main islands – Grande Comore (Ngazidja), Anjouan (Ndzuwani), and Mohéli (Mwali) – along with the neighboring French territory of Mayotte freiheit.org. Its geography poses unique challenges for telecommunications: the islands are separated by ocean channels and are volcanic and mountainous, making infrastructure…
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Imagine a satellite that not only takes pictures of Earth, but can also identify what materials compose each pixel of the image. This is the promise of hyperspectral imaging – a technology giving satellites “super-vision” across hundreds of colors beyond human sight. Hyperspectral sensors capture detailed spectral fingerprints of objects by measuring reflected light in…
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Starlink, SpaceX’s satellite internet network, has rapidly expanded coverage worldwide since its beta launch in 2020. As of mid-2025, Starlink service is available in over 110 countries and territories, with more on the way idemest.com. Below is an up-to-date regional breakdown of Starlink availability – including countries with full commercial service, those in beta or…
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Introduction – A Nation Offline The Democratic Republic of the Congo is a country of over 100 million people, but only about 27% of the population was using the internet as of early 2024 datareportal.com. This means roughly 75 million Congolese remain offline, a staggering digital gap in the heart of Africa datareportal.com. For comparison,…
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Definition and Basic Principles Satellite imagery refers to images of Earth (or other planets) collected by orbiting satellites. These images are a form of remote sensing, meaning the data are acquired from a distance without direct contact. Satellites carry sensors that detect electromagnetic radiation reflected or emitted from the Earth’s surface. Most imaging satellites use passive sensors that rely…
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