Introduction: The High Stakes of Secret Battlefield Networks In war, information can be as decisive as firepower. Securing military communications – making sure orders, intelligence, and coordinates reach the right people without enemy interception or disruption – has often meant the difference between victory and defeat. During World War II, for example, Allied codebreakers’ ability…
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Overview of Internet Access in Honduras Honduras has made steady gains in internet connectivity over the past decade, transforming digital access into a crucial lifeline for its population. As of early 2024, an estimated 7.03 million Hondurans were internet users, representing about 65.9% of the population datareportal.com. This marks a significant rise from just a…
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Internet Infrastructure: Undersea Cables, Mobile and Terrestrial Networks The Marshall Islands’ internet backbone rests on a single submarine fiber-optic cable. In 2010, the HANTRU-1 undersea cable was extended to Majuro and Kwajalein/Ebeye Atolls, linking the country to a hub in Pohnpei (FSM) and onward to Guam dig.watch itu.int. This 2,917 km cable (160 Gbps design capacity)…
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Overview of Internet Access in Grenada Grenada has achieved a relatively high level of internet penetration, with roughly 77–80% of the population online as of 2023 datareportal.com pulse.internetsociety.org. This equates to about 98,000 individuals using the internet out of a population of ~125,000 datareportal.com datareportal.com. Internet access is common among both residential and business users,…
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Palestine – encompassing the West Bank and Gaza Strip – has made strides in expanding internet access, but it lags behind global and regional standards due to unique political and infrastructural challenges en.wikipedia.org. Decades of Israeli occupation and the terms of the Oslo Accords have constrained the development of telecommunications, limiting spectrum access and hindering…
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Eswatini (pop. ~1.25M in 2025 datareportal.com) has seen rapid growth in connectivity. Mobile subscribers exceed 1.6 million (≈134% of population) datareportal.com, of which ~1.47 million are mobile broadband connections esccom.org.sz. About 720,000 people (57.6% of Eswatini’s residents) use the internet datareportal.com. Smartphone adoption is high (~964,000 devices) esccom.org.sz, but fixed broadband remains small (~38,828 connections)…
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Overview of Internet Penetration and Usage in Zambia Internet usage in Zambia has grown substantially over the past decade, though estimates of penetration vary depending on measurement. As of December 2023, official data from the Zambia Information and Communications Technology Authority (ZICTA) reported about 12.6 million internet subscriptions, representing 64.1% penetration (subscriptions per 100 inhabitants)…
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Suriname, a small nation on the Guiana Shield of South America, is undergoing a digital transformation alongside its neighbors Guyana and French Guiana. Internet access has expanded rapidly in recent years – about 474,000 Surinamese were online by early 2024, representing 75.8% of the population datareportal.com. This report examines Suriname’s internet landscape in depth, covering…
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Overview of Internet Infrastructure in Tunisia Tunisia’s internet infrastructure has grown significantly in recent years, transforming the country from a digital desert into a connected society. Fixed broadband, mobile networks, and an expanding fiber-optic backbone form the pillars of Tunisia’s connectivity. As of early 2024, about 9.96 million Tunisians are internet users – roughly 79.6%…
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Infrastructure Overview Iran’s internet infrastructure is a mix of aging fixed broadband and expanding mobile networks, all under strain from sanctions and state control. Fixed broadband largely relies on ADSL (phone-line internet) and a limited fiber-optic rollout. The government has ambitious fiber plans – aiming to cover 20 million premises with fiber by end of…
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