Overview and Development History Sukhoi Su-57 stealth fighters in flight during a demonstration. The Sukhoi Su-57, known by its NATO codename “Felon,” is Russia’s first fifth-generation stealth fighter jet. Developed under the PAK FA program (Perspektivnyy Aviatsionnyy Kompleks Frontovoy Aviatsii – “Prospective Airborne Complex of Frontline Aviation”), the Su-57 was designed to replace aging Soviet-era…
Read more
The Rising Threat of Drones in Modern Warfare and Public Security Drones as Emerging Threats: Small unmanned aerial systems (UAS) have rapidly become a double-edged sword – offering benefits for civilians while introducing new threats on battlefields and in public spaces ctc.westpoint.edu ctc.westpoint.edu. Terrorist organizations and insurgents have weaponized cheap commercial drones for bombings, kamikaze…
Read more
Introduction and Overview An F-35A Lightning II in flight. The fifth-generation F-35 is designed as a multi-role stealth fighter, intended to dominate both air-to-air and air-to-ground engagements.The Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II is a family of single-seat, single-engine fifth-generation stealth fighters developed under the Joint Strike Fighter program en.wikipedia.org. It was conceived as a multirole platform equally adept at…
Read more
An Israeli F-35I stealth fighter takes off during a Red Flag exercise (2023). F-35 Lightning II jets, among others, represent the cutting edge of air dominance in 2025. Modern fighter jets blend stealth, supermaneuverability, advanced avionics, and heavy firepower to secure air superiority. From fifth-generation stealth fighters to upgraded fourth-generation legends, these aircraft are the…
Read more
Introduction: The global fighter jet market is in takeoff mode in 2025, reaching record heights as nations race to modernize their air forces. Defense giants are vying to supply cutting-edge stealth aircraft amid rising geopolitical tensions and increased military spending. Major powers and their allies are pouring billions into new fighters, driven by NATO’s expansion,…
Read more
Definition and Basic Principles Satellite imagery refers to images of Earth (or other planets) collected by orbiting satellites. These images are a form of remote sensing, meaning the data are acquired from a distance without direct contact. Satellites carry sensors that detect electromagnetic radiation reflected or emitted from the Earth’s surface. Most imaging satellites use passive sensors that rely…
Read more
General Overview SpaceX has launched thousands of Starlink satellites (over 6,750 in orbit by 2025) to form the world’s largest satellite constellation and provide global internet coverage phys.org. Q: What is Starlink?A: Starlink is a satellite-based broadband internet service operated by SpaceX. It uses a constellation of small satellites in low Earth orbit (LEO) to beam internet connectivity…
Read more
When hurricanes flatten cell towers and earthquakes sever landlines, staying connected becomes a lifeline. In such dire scenarios, satellite phones emerge as critical tools to maintain communication when the grid goes dark. Unlike regular cell phones tied to terrestrial networks, satellite phones link directly to satellites orbiting above, enabling calls and messages from virtually anywhere…
Read more
Introduction Satellite phones (or satphones) are mobile telephones that connect directly to orbiting satellites instead of terrestrial cell towers. They provide voice calling, SMS text messaging, and low-speed data by relaying signals through satellites to reach the conventional telephone network en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org. In practical terms, when you make a call on a satellite phone, your handset…
Read more
Bahrain is one of the most connected countries in the world, boasting near-universal internet access and cutting-edge digital infrastructure. This Gulf kingdom has invested heavily in fiber-optic networks and the latest mobile broadband (including 5G), making high-speed connectivity the norm rather than the exception. With 99% internet penetration and competitive telecom providers, Bahrain’s residents enjoy…
Read more
