Space News Digest: June 2025

A Comprehensive Review of the Week’s Most Significant Space Developments

Table of Contents

1. Launches & Satellite Networks
– Rocket Lab’s Rapid Cadence and Secret Payloads
– Amazon’s Project Kuiper vs. SpaceX Starlink
– Japan’s Final H-2A Rocket and GOSAT-GW
– South Korea’s 425 Project and Greece’s DUTHSat-2
– Europe’s Independent Satellite Network
2. Space Science & Astronomy
– Vera C. Rubin Observatory’s Big Data Era
– James Webb Space Telescope’s Exoplanet Breakthroughs
– Ancient Radio Halos and Cosmic Evolution
– Comet Bernardinelli-Bernstein’s Explosive Activity
– NASA’s Mars Discoveries and Orbiter Upgrades
3. Human Spaceflight & International Collaboration
– India’s Historic ISS Mission
– Axiom-4 and International Crews
– SpaceX, NASA, and Global Partnerships
4. Earth Observation & Security
– Wildfire Monitoring and Climate Satellites
– Military Surveillance and Conflict Zones
– Environmental Concerns from Space Debris
5. Space Technology & Innovation
– Quantum Computing in Orbit
– Laser Communication and Propulsion Advances
– NASA Research Planes and SNWG
6. Meteor Events & Planetary Defense
– Southeastern US Fireball and Meteorite Recovery
– Asteroid Impact Probability Calculations
7. Outlook & Recap

Launches & Satellite Networks

Rocket Lab’s Rapid Cadence and Secret Payloads

Rocket Lab continues to solidify its position in the small satellite launch market with a series of high-profile missions. The company achieved two Electron launches within 48 hours, a record turnaround at its New Zealand Launch Complex 1, demonstrating both reliability and operational maturity. Notably, one of these launches carried a mysterious satellite for an anonymous private client, with details about the payload and mission kept under wraps. This trend toward commercial secrecy highlights the growing diversity of customers in the smallsat sector, from commercial to government and defense (spacenews.com, overclockers.ru).

Another Electron mission, “Get the Hawk Outta Here,” successfully deployed four satellites, including three Hawkeye 360 RF geolocation microsatellites and the Kestrel-0A experimental satellite. These payloads enhance global RF signal triangulation and support technological advancements in satellite capabilities (ixbt.com).

Bullet Recap

– Two launches in 48 hours: New record for Rocket Lab.
– Secret payloads: Growing trend in commercial and defense launches.
– Hawkeye 360: Expanding RF geolocation constellation.

Amazon’s Project Kuiper vs. SpaceX Starlink

Amazon has doubled its Project Kuiper satellite constellation, launching 27 new satellites into low Earth orbit. This move intensifies the rivalry with SpaceX’s Starlink, which itself launched 80 Starlink satellites in a single week, bringing its active constellation to over 7,900 units. Both companies are racing to provide global satellite internet, with Amazon aiming for 3,000+ satellites and SpaceX targeting a 12,000-satellite network (unionrayo.com, interfax.ru).

Europe is also developing its own satellite network to reduce reliance on Starlink, with plans for a new spaceport in the German North Sea (welt.de).

Bullet Recap

– Amazon Kuiper: 27 new satellites, direct challenge to Starlink.
– Starlink: 80 satellites in one week, >7,900 active.
– Europe: Building independent network, new spaceport planned.

Japan’s Final H-2A Rocket and GOSAT-GW

Japan marked the end of an era with the 50th and final launch of its H-2A rocket, deploying the GOSAT-GW satellite for greenhouse gas and water cycle observation. Over 31 years, the H-2 family achieved 66 launches (63 successful). The new H3 rocket will offer greater payload capacity and reduced launch costs, aiming to keep Japan competitive in the global launch market (ixbt.com, newsday.com, firstpost.com).

Bullet Recap

– H-2A retires: 50th and final launch.
– GOSAT-GW: Advanced climate and water monitoring.
– H3 rocket: Next-generation Japanese launch vehicle.

South Korea’s 425 Project and Greece’s DUTHSat-2

South Korea’s third ‘425 Project’ satellite, featuring Thales Alenia Space’s advanced SAR radar, was launched aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9. This strengthens South Korea’s surveillance and Earth observation capabilities (analisidifesa.it).

Greece celebrated the launch of DUTHSat-2, its first domestically built CubeSat for environmental monitoring, marking a significant leap in national space technology (ekathimerini.com, tovima.com).

Bullet Recap

– South Korea: Advanced SAR radar, Earth observation.
– Greece: First homegrown CubeSat, environmental monitoring.

Europe’s Independent Satellite Network

Europe is determined to reduce its dependency on Starlink by developing its own satellite network, with both military and civilian applications. The EU’s plans include leveraging the German North Sea as a new spaceport, reflecting the continent’s ambitions for strategic autonomy in space (welt.de).

Space Science & Astronomy

Vera C. Rubin Observatory’s Big Data Era

Chile’s Vera C. Rubin Observatory, equipped with the world’s largest digital camera (3,200 megapixels), has released its first cosmic images. The observatory will generate 60 million billion bytes of data over a decade, capturing the sky every 40 seconds. This data will revolutionize astronomy, enabling rapid discovery of asteroids, dark matter studies, and AI-powered data analysis (yahoo.com, nytimes.com, geekwire.com).

Bullet Recap

– 3,200-megapixel camera: Largest in the world.
– Big data: 60 million billion bytes over 10 years.
– AI analysis: Accelerating astronomical discoveries.

James Webb Space Telescope’s Exoplanet Breakthroughs

NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has directly imaged an exoplanet, TWA 7 b, marking the first time a planet’s existence was confirmed through direct imaging. Webb’s high-contrast imaging and coronagraph technology have also enabled the study of 111 edge-on disk galaxies, revealing dual-layered structures and providing new insights into galaxy evolution (futurism.com, cbsnews.com, skyatnightmagazine.com).

Bullet Recap

– First direct exoplanet discovery: TWA 7 b.
– Galaxy evolution: Analysis of edge-on disk galaxies.
– JWST: Unmatched resolution and sensitivity.

Ancient Radio Halos and Cosmic Evolution

Astronomers using the LOFAR radio telescope have detected a rare, sprawling radio halo around the distant galaxy cluster SpARCS1049, emitted 10 billion years ago. This is the most distant radio mini-halo ever detected, revealing that energetic particles and magnetic processes have shaped galaxy clusters since the early universe (earth.com, scitechdaily.com, livescience.com, interestingengineering.com).

Bullet Recap

– Most distant mini-halo: 10 billion light-years away.
– Early universe: High-energy particles and magnetic fields.
– Galaxy cluster evolution: New insights.

Comet Bernardinelli-Bernstein’s Explosive Activity

Comet C/2014 UN271 (Bernardinelli-Bernstein), the largest known Oort Cloud comet, is erupting with powerful carbon monoxide jets as it approaches the inner solar system. Detected by ALMA and other observatories, this activity provides a rare opportunity to study cometary evolution and outgassing far from the Sun (sciencealert.com, wionews.com, scientificamerican.com, forbes.com).

Bullet Recap

– Largest Oort Cloud comet: 137–140 km wide.
– CO jets detected: Explosive outgassing observed.
– Approaching Saturn’s orbit: Close approach in 2031.

NASA’s Mars Discoveries and Orbiter Upgrades

NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter has captured images indicating ancient water presence on Mars, with chloride salt deposits in ancient lake beds. Meanwhile, NASA’s Mars Orbiter has learned a new maneuver, increasing its subsurface radar sensitivity tenfold, enabling deeper detection of water ice—crucial for future colonization (opentools.ai, 3dnews.ru).

Bullet Recap

– Ancient water evidence: Chloride salt deposits.
– Orbiter upgrade: 10x radar sensitivity, deeper ice detection.

Human Spaceflight & International Collaboration

India’s Historic ISS Mission

Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla became the first Indian astronaut to reach the International Space Station (ISS) in over 41 years, joining the Axiom-4 mission. His journey, celebrated by PM Modi, marks India’s return to human spaceflight and inspires future generations. Shukla described witnessing 16 sunrises and sunsets daily and enjoying Indian cuisine in zero gravity (hindustantimes.com, timesofindia.indiatimes.com, indiatoday.in, bbc.com, scmp.com).

Bullet Recap

– First Indian on ISS in 41 years: Shubhanshu Shukla.
– Axiom-4 mission: International crew, 60 scientific experiments.
– National pride and inspiration: India’s space ambitions boosted.

Axiom-4 and International Crews

The Axiom-4 mission, a collaboration between NASA, ISRO, ESA, and SpaceX, included astronauts from India, Poland, and Hungary. The mission was delayed for further evaluation after Zvezda module repairs, but the crew remains ready. The mission underscores the growing trend of international partnerships in human spaceflight (nasa.gov).

SpaceX, NASA, and Global Partnerships

SpaceX continues to play a pivotal role in crewed missions to the ISS, launching astronauts from multiple nations. The company’s Dragon spacecraft and Falcon 9 rockets have become mainstays of international human spaceflight, supporting both governmental and commercial missions.

Earth Observation & Security

Wildfire Monitoring and Climate Satellites

Satellite images captured smoke from Canadian wildfires spreading to the US East Coast, highlighting the widespread impact of these events. In Alberta, over 5,000 evacuations occurred and more than 400,000 hectares burned (tg24.sky.it).

Japan’s GOSAT-GW satellite, launched on the final H-2A rocket, will monitor greenhouse gases and water resources, supporting climate change mitigation efforts (es-us.noticias.yahoo.com, thestar.com, interfax.ru).

ESA’s Biomass satellite released its first images, offering groundbreaking views of forests, deserts, and glaciers, and advancing understanding of carbon storage and climate change (space.com).

Bullet Recap

– Wildfire monitoring: Satellite imagery tracks smoke and damage.
– Climate satellites: GOSAT-GW and Biomass advance Earth observation.

Military Surveillance and Conflict Zones

Satellite imagery has become a critical tool in monitoring military activities and conflict zones:
– Russian military buildup: Images reveal expansion at Kazan bomber production facilities (wiadomosci.onet.pl).
– Iranian nuclear sites: Multiple sources report satellite images confirming strikes, reconstruction, and damage at Fordow and Natanz nuclear facilities following US and Israeli attacks (dailymail.co.uk, theguardian.com, jornaldenegocios.pt, moldova.europalibera.org, mignews.ua, newsweek.pl).
– Navalnaja’s satellite TV: New channel launched to bypass Russian censorship, leveraging satellite TV’s reach (aftonbladet.se).

Bullet Recap

– Military surveillance: Satellite imagery verifies strikes and reconstructions.
– Information warfare: Satellite TV used to bypass censorship.

Environmental Concerns from Space Debris

SpaceX’s Starship explosion in Texas and subsequent debris landing in Mexico have sparked environmental and legal concerns. Activists report marine life die-offs, and the Mexican president is considering legal action over environmental contamination from rocket launches (nytimes.com, theguardian.com). These incidents highlight the need for international cooperation on space launch environmental impacts.

Space Technology & Innovation

Quantum Computing in Orbit

A photon-based quantum computer was launched into orbit for the first time aboard SpaceX’s Transporter 14 mission. Operating at 550 km altitude, this breakthrough enables onboard data processing for climate research, quantum physics, and Earth observation, marking a major advance in quantum technologies for space applications (ukr.net).

Laser Communication and Propulsion Advances

Yingtian Optics is building a pilot production line for satellite laser communication terminals, targeting 1,000 units annually by Q3 2025. This will support China’s low-Earth orbit constellation needs (bjnews.com.cn).

NASA is exploring advanced propulsion concepts for missions to Sedna, a distant dwarf planet. Direct fusion drives (DFD) and solar sails with thermal desorption could enable missions in under a decade, though both face significant development challenges (newsbytesapp.com, opentools.ai, dailygalaxy.com).

NASA Research Planes and SNWG

NASA’s research planes continue to advance aerospace innovation, supporting atmospheric data collection and technology testing (laist.com). NASA also supports the Satellite Needs Working Group (SNWG), providing Earth observation data for resource monitoring, disaster response, and weather prediction (earthdata.nasa.gov).

Meteor Events & Planetary Defense

Southeastern US Fireball and Meteorite Recovery

A spectacular fireball exploded over Georgia on June 26, 2024, with NOAA satellites and Doppler radar capturing the event. The meteoroid, traveling at 30,000 mph, broke up in the atmosphere, scattering meteorite fragments. Residents reported sonic booms, and some found meteorites, prompting a local hunt for these rare space rocks. NASA confirmed the object was over a ton and three feet wide, disintegrating above West Forest, GA, and even damaging a home near Atlanta (skyandtelescope.org, wsbtv.com, nytimes.com, foxweather.com, bostonglobe.com, bbc.com).

Bullet Recap

– Fireball over Georgia: Sonic booms, meteorite recovery.
– Daytime sighting: Rare and widely reported.
– Property damage: Confirmed by NASA.

Asteroid Impact Probability Calculations

Scientists use astrometry and continuous observation to calculate the impact probability of asteroids like 2024 YR4. As more data is collected, predictions improve, often reducing the estimated risk. Ongoing monitoring ensures accurate assessments of potential threats to Earth and the Moon (theconversation.com).

Outlook & Recap

Key Takeaways

– Launch Market Evolution: Rocket Lab, SpaceX, Amazon, and new players are driving rapid innovation, higher cadence, and increased competition in both commercial and government launches.
– Big Data Astronomy: Facilities like the Vera C. Rubin Observatory and JWST are ushering in a new era of data-driven discovery, from exoplanets to cosmic structure.
– Human Spaceflight Milestones: India’s return to crewed spaceflight and international missions like Axiom-4 highlight the global nature of space exploration.
– Earth Observation for Security and Climate: Satellites are indispensable for monitoring environmental crises, military activities, and climate change.
– Technological Breakthroughs: Quantum computing, laser communications, and advanced propulsion are reshaping the possibilities for future missions.
– Planetary Defense and Public Engagement: Meteor events and asteroid tracking remain high-profile, with public interest and scientific vigilance both on the rise.

Looking Ahead

The coming months promise continued rapid developments:
– Reusable Launch Vehicles: Rocket Lab and SpaceX are pushing reusability further.
– Next-Gen Satellites: Quantum, laser, and AI-powered satellites will become more common.
– International Collaboration: Expect more joint missions and cross-border partnerships.
– Environmental and Legal Challenges: Space debris and launch impacts will demand new regulatory frameworks.
– Public Engagement: Meteor events, satellite trains, and citizen science will keep the public invested in space.

Further Reading

– Rocket Lab’s 48-Hour Launch Record
– Amazon’s Project Kuiper Expansion
– Vera C. Rubin Observatory’s Data Revolution
– James Webb’s Exoplanet Discovery
– Comet Bernardinelli-Bernstein’s Activity
– India’s ISS Milestone
– SpaceX Starship Debris Concerns
– Meteorite Recovery in Georgia

For more in-depth coverage, follow the provided source links throughout this digest.

More today’s sources

Rocket Lab Launches Four Satellites in ‘Get the Hawk Outta Here’ Mission from New Zealand

Rocket Lab successfully launched four satellites—including three Hawkeye 360 RF geolocation microsatellites and the Kestrel-0A experimental satellite—on the Electron rocket from New Zealand. This mission enhances global RF signal triangulation and supports technological advancements in satellite capabilities, marking Rocket Lab’s 67th Electron launch and ninth launch in 2025.

Continue reading on ixbt.com

Satellite Images Reveal Smoke from Canadian Wildfires Reaching US East Coast

Satellite images capture smoke from Canadian wildfires spreading to the US East Coast. In Alberta, over 5,000 evacuations occurred and more than 400,000 hectares burned. Manitoba and Saskatchewan also face multiple outbreaks, prompting emergency management responses. These images highlight the widespread impact of the fires.

Continue reading on tg24.sky.it

Large Fireball Meteor Spotted Over Southeastern US

A large fireball was observed streaking across the sky in the Southeastern US, with over 160 eyewitness reports from Georgia, South Carolina, and Tennessee. The American Meteor Society confirmed the sighting, identifying the object as a meteor or bolide captured on video by multiple drivers.

Continue reading on bbc.com

Defense Department Ends Satellite Data Programs Critical for Storm Forecasts

The Defense Department will stop providing data from its weather satellites to forecasters, ending the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) and Navy’s FNMOC data services. This move, effective by June 30, 2025, could impact hurricane tracking and storm intensity analysis, though NOAA and NASA satellites will continue supporting forecasts.

Continue reading on upi.com

Vera C. Rubin Observatory Unveils First Images with 3,200-Megapixel Camera

Chile’s Vera C. Rubin Observatory, equipped with the world’s largest digital camera (3,200 megapixels), has released its first cosmic images. The observatory enables astronomers to rapidly collect vast data, discover new asteroids, and study dark matter, revolutionizing astronomical research with AI-powered data analysis.

Continue reading on yahoo.com

PM Modi and Astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla Discuss Space Experience and Indian Cuisine

Prime Minister Modi held a video call with Indian astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla, discussing his historic space mission and sharing laughs about enjoying Indian cuisine like ‘Gajar ka Halwa’ in zero gravity. Shukla described witnessing 16 sunrises and sunsets daily from orbit and expressed pride in seeing India from space.

Continue reading on timesofindia.indiatimes.com

How Future Missions Could Reach Sedna: Fusion Drives vs Solar Sails

Scientists are considering direct fusion drives (DFD) and solar sails with thermal desorption to send a mission to Sedna, a distant dwarf planet. DFD could allow orbital insertion in 10 years, while solar sails might achieve a 7-year flyby. Both propulsion technologies face significant development challenges before becoming mission-ready.

Continue reading on newsbytesapp.com

NASA’s Mission to Sedna: Fusion Drives vs. Solar Sails Propulsion Race

NASA is planning a groundbreaking mission to Sedna using Direct Fusion Drive (DFD) and solar sails. These advanced propulsion technologies could enable a 7-10 year journey to the distant dwarf planet, promising new insights into the early solar system and pushing the boundaries of space exploration technology.

Continue reading on opentools.ai

European Spacecraft Lost After Successful Reentry Test Flight

A European company’s ‘Mission Possible’ spacecraft completed a successful orbital flight and reentry, but contact was lost just before ocean touchdown, likely due to parachute deployment issues. The mission, launched on SpaceX’s Transporter 14, marked progress in cargo spacecraft development despite not achieving full recovery.

Continue reading on arstechnica.com

SpaceX Rideshare Mission Loses Human Remains After Capsule Crash

A SpaceX Falcon 9 launched the Nyx capsule, carrying over 160 people’s remains and other payloads, but a parachute failure caused it to crash into the Pacific Ocean. Celestis and The Exploration Company called the mission a partial success, but the human remains and cargo are lost at sea.

Continue reading on gizmodo.com

Satellite Images Reveal Russian Military Buildup in Kazan

Satellite images show significant expansion at Kazan facilities, crucial for Russia’s strategic bomber production. The largest new hall spans 320 meters, covering 19,000 sq. meters. About €1 billion has been invested in modernization. These sites are vital for bombers capable of carrying nuclear weapons, some damaged in recent Ukrainian drone attacks.

Continue reading on wiadomosci.onet.pl

Space Florida to Attend North East Space Conference in Durham

A Space Florida delegation will attend the North East Space Conference in Durham, aiming to foster ties with UK businesses. The event highlights the region’s growing space sector, with participation from five universities and industry leaders, signaling increased international collaboration and investment in space technology and sustainability.

Continue reading on bbc.co.uk

NASA Confirms Bright Daytime Meteor Over Georgia and South Carolina

A bolide meteor streaked across the southern U.S., with over 200 reports from Georgia and South Carolina. NASA tracked the event using eyewitness accounts, cameras, and satellite data. The meteor, about the size of a shopping cart, broke apart, causing sonic booms and leaving meteorites on the ground. Daylight sightings of such brightness are rare.

Continue reading on bostonglobe.com

Ancient Radio Signal Reveals Early Universe Galaxy Cluster Activity

Astronomers using the LOFAR telescope have detected a rare, sprawling radio halo around the distant galaxy cluster SpARCS1049, emitted 10 billion years ago. This discovery shows that energetic particles and magnetic processes have shaped galaxy clusters for most of cosmic history, expanding our understanding of the universe’s evolution.

Continue reading on earth.com

Celestis Space Burial Capsule Fails, Ashes Lost in Pacific Ocean

A Celestis space burial mission carrying the ashes and DNA of 166 people failed to deploy parachutes on reentry, causing the capsule to break up in the Pacific Ocean. Families will not recover the remains. Celestis, a leader in memorial spaceflights, expressed regret over the loss and disappointment for affected families.

Continue reading on futurism.com

NASA Research Planes: Advancing Aerospace Innovation

NASA research planes are vital for testing new aerospace technologies, gathering atmospheric data, and supporting space missions. These specialized aircraft enable cutting-edge research in aeronautics, helping NASA improve flight safety, efficiency, and advance scientific understanding of Earth’s atmosphere and beyond.

Continue reading on laist.com

Record-Breaking Radio Mini-Halo Detected in Distant Galaxy Cluster

Astronomers using the LOFAR radio array have discovered the most distant radio mini-halo ever detected, surrounding galaxy cluster SpARCS1049. This finding, with light traveling 10 billion years, doubles previous records and reveals that high-energy particles have permeated galaxy clusters since the early universe.

Continue reading on scitechdaily.com

Astronomers Detect Most Distant Mini-Halo, Shedding Light on Early Universe

Astronomers have discovered the most distant ‘mini-halo’—a cloud of energetic particles—around a galaxy cluster 10 billion light-years away. This finding, published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters, could transform our understanding of galaxy formation and the role of charged particles and magnetic fields in the early universe.

Continue reading on livescience.com

Scientists Detect Distant Cosmic Halo Emitting Faint Radio Signals

Astronomers have discovered a mini-halo of high-energy particles 10 billion light-years away, using the LOFAR radio telescope’s 100,000 antennas. This is the most distant structure of its kind ever found, revealing that energetic processes in galaxy clusters began much earlier than previously thought, reshaping theories about cosmic evolution.

Continue reading on interestingengineering.com

Egypt Launches Red Sea Shark Satellite Tracking Program

Egypt has launched a pioneering satellite tracking program for sharks in the Red Sea, marking a regional first. Nine sharks were tagged to monitor their movements, aiding marine conservation and biodiversity protection. The initiative aims to inform risk management and tourism planning, reinforcing Egypt’s commitment to sustainable marine resource management.

Continue reading on dailynewsegypt.com

Record-Sized Oort Cloud Comet C/2014 UN271 Observed Emitting Carbon Monoxide Jets

Astronomers have observed Comet C/2014 UN271 (Bernardinelli-Bernstein), the largest Oort Cloud comet ever detected, emitting powerful carbon monoxide jets as it approaches the inner Solar System. Using ALMA, researchers confirmed its massive size and detected explosive outgassing, providing new insights into cometary evolution.

Continue reading on sciencealert.com

Japan Retires H-2 Rocket Family with Final H-2A Launch Carrying GOSAT-GW Satellite

Japan’s H-2 rocket era ends with the 50th and final H-2A launch, deploying the GOSAT-GW Earth observation satellite. Over 31 years, the H-2 family achieved 66 launches, 63 successful. The new H-3 rockets will offer greater payload capacity and reduced launch costs.

Continue reading on ixbt.com

James Webb Telescope Captures First-Ever Direct Image Leading to Exoplanet Discovery

NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope has achieved a milestone by directly imaging an exoplanet, TWA 7 b, leading to its discovery. This marks the first time a planet’s existence was confirmed through direct imaging, showcasing Webb’s advanced capabilities in exoplanet research and furthering our understanding of planetary systems beyond our own.

Continue reading on futurism.com

Rocket Lab Launches Mysterious Satellite for Anonymous Client

Rocket Lab successfully launched an Electron rocket carrying a mysterious satellite for an anonymous private client. The mission’s purpose and payload details remain undisclosed. The satellite reached a 650 km orbit, with another similar launch planned this year. Rocket Lab is also exploring reusability for Electron’s first stage.

Continue reading on overclockers.ru

Giant Oort Cloud Comet C/2014 UN271 (Bernardinelli-Bernstein) Spotted with High-Speed Jets

Astronomers have detected Comet C/2014 UN271 (Bernardinelli-Bernstein), the largest known Oort Cloud comet, releasing superfast carbon monoxide jets as it approaches the inner solar system. Measuring 137 km wide, this comet offers a rare opportunity for scientists to study its explosive outgassing and evolution as it nears the Sun.

Continue reading on wionews.com

Giant Megacomet C/2014 UN271 Erupts as It Travels Through Solar System

Astronomers are closely observing megacomet C/2014 UN271 (Bernardinelli-Bernstein), the largest known comet, as it approaches the Sun. Recent studies detected carbon monoxide emissions, providing insights into its origins and behavior. The comet, about 140 km wide, is being monitored by telescopes like JWST and Hubble as it nears Saturn’s orbit in 2031.

Continue reading on scientificamerican.com

Comet Bernardinelli-Bernstein Erupts with Carbon Monoxide Jets in Deep Space

Astronomers observed Comet Bernardinelli-Bernstein, the largest known comet, erupting with carbon monoxide jets while still beyond Neptune. Using Chile’s ALMA radio telescope, this marks the first detection of such activity at great distance, revealing new insights into cometary behavior far from the Sun. The comet will approach the inner solar system in 2031.

Continue reading on forbes.com

Amazon Expands Project Kuiper with 27 New Satellites, Intensifies Rivalry with Starlink

Amazon has doubled its Project Kuiper satellite constellation, launching 27 more satellites into low Earth orbit. This move intensifies competition with SpaceX’s Starlink in the race to provide global satellite internet. With ambitions to deploy over 3,000 satellites, Amazon aims to challenge Starlink’s dominance and shape the future of space-based connectivity.

Continue reading on unionrayo.com

Japan Launches Climate Monitoring Satellite on Final H-2A Rocket Flight

Japan launched the GOSAT-GW satellite to monitor greenhouse gas emissions on the final flight of its H-2A rocket. The mission marks a transition to the new H3 rocket, aiming for greater cost competitiveness in the global space market and advancing Japan’s space program and climate observation efforts.

Continue reading on es-us.noticias.yahoo.com

Successful Launch of Third South Korean ‘425 Project’ Satellite with Thales Alenia Space Technology

The third satellite of South Korea’s ‘425 Project’ constellation was launched aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9. Thales Alenia Space contributed advanced SAR radar, data systems, and attitude control, enabling high-performance Earth observation and surveillance. This strengthens Thales Alenia Space’s collaboration with South Korea on multiple space programs.

Continue reading on analisidifesa.it

ESA’s Biomass Satellite Unveils First Spectacular Earth Images from Orbit

ESA’s Biomass satellite has released its first images from orbit, offering a groundbreaking view of Earth’s forests, deserts, and glaciers. The mission, aimed at understanding carbon storage and the effects of climate change, is already demonstrating the potential of its novel radar system just two months after launch.

Continue reading on space.com

Indian Astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla Makes History on Axiom-4 Mission to ISS

Indian astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla became the second Indian to travel to space, joining the Axiom-4 mission to the International Space Station (ISS). His historic journey, celebrated by PM Modi, marks India’s return to human spaceflight after 41 years, inspiring future generations to explore space.

Continue reading on hindustantimes.com

SpaceX Starship Debris in Mexico Sparks Environmental and Legal Concerns

Debris from a SpaceX Starship explosion landed in Mexico, prompting environmental activists to report marine life die-offs and the Mexican president to consider legal action. The incident highlights cross-border tensions and concerns about the environmental impact of SpaceX’s rocket launches near the US-Mexico border.

Continue reading on nytimes.com

NASA Updates Axiom Mission 4 Launch and ISS Operations Status

NASA, Axiom Space, and SpaceX have delayed the Axiom Mission 4 launch to the International Space Station, citing the need for further evaluation after Zvezda module repairs. The crew, including astronauts from India, Poland, and Hungary, remains ready. Falcon 9 and Dragon are prepared at Kennedy Space Center, awaiting a new launch date.

Continue reading on nasa.gov

SpaceX Wins Third Consecutive US Air Force Satellite Launch Contract Worth $81.6M

SpaceX secured an $81.6 million contract to launch the US Air Force’s WSF-M2 weather satellite in 2027. This marks SpaceX’s third win under the National Security Space Launch (NSSL) program, reinforcing its dominance. The mission will enhance hurricane forecasting and monitor space weather, with additional experimental small satellites included.

Continue reading on ixbt.com

Japan Launches Final H2A Rocket Carrying GOSAT-GW Satellite

Japan launched its final H2A rocket from Tanegashima Space Center, carrying the GOSAT-GW satellite for greenhouse gas and water cycle observation. The launch was delayed due to a second-stage electrical issue, later resolved. The H2A, jointly developed by JAXA and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, will be succeeded by the H3 rocket.

Continue reading on news.sina.cn

Space Norway Commissions THOR 8 Communications Satellite from Thales Alenia Space

Space Norway has contracted Thales Alenia Space to build the THOR 8 communications satellite, set for launch in 2027. Positioned at 1° West, THOR 8 will provide advanced satellite connectivity and high-speed internet across Scandinavia and Eastern Europe, supporting both fixed and mobile infrastructures with Ka and Ku band coverage.

Continue reading on thalesaleniaspace.com

First Quantum Satellite Computer Launched into Space

A photon-based quantum computer was launched into orbit for the first time aboard SpaceX’s Transporter 14 mission. Operating at 550 km altitude, this breakthrough enables onboard data processing for climate research, quantum physics, and Earth observation, reducing energy use and response time. The mission marks a major advance in quantum technologies for space applications.

Continue reading on ukr.net

Japan Launches Greenhouse Gas Monitoring Satellite on Final H-2A Rocket Flight

Japan launched the GOSAT-GW satellite to monitor greenhouse gas emissions using its H-2A rocket, marking the rocket’s final flight before being replaced. This mission supports Japan’s efforts to combat climate change and maintain competitiveness in the global space market.

Continue reading on thestar.com

SpaceX Launches 80 Starlink Satellites in One Week, Expanding Global Internet Network

SpaceX’s Falcon 9 rockets launched 80 Starlink internet satellites this week, boosting the constellation to over 7,900 active units. The launches, from Cape Canaveral and Vandenberg, featured reusable boosters landing on drone ships. SpaceX aims for a 12,000-satellite network to provide global broadband internet, with $10 billion invested in the project.

Continue reading on interfax.ru

Burning Satellite Phenomenon Observed Over Sweden, Possibly Linked to Starlink

A burning satellite lit up the sky over southern Sweden, astonishing witnesses. Experts suggest it may be a deorbiting satellite, possibly a Starlink unit from SpaceX. Such events are rare but increasing as the number of satellites in orbit grows, especially due to the Starlink constellation.

Continue reading on aftonbladet.se

Arctic Weather Satellite Delivers High-Quality Arctic Data, Paving Way for EPS-Sterna Constellation

The Arctic Weather Satellite (AWS), launched in August 2024, delivers high-quality atmospheric data crucial for Arctic weather forecasts. ESA’s agile ‘New Space’ approach enabled rapid development. AWS’s success supports the proposed EPS-Sterna constellation, promising improved global and regional weather predictions, especially as older NOAA satellites retire.

Continue reading on smhi.se

SpaceX Starship Explodes During Pre-Flight Test in Texas

SpaceX’s Starship upper stage exploded at Starbase, Texas, during preparations for its 10th test flight. The incident occurred during a static-fire test, but all personnel are safe. This marks another setback for the world’s most powerful rocket, which is being developed for Mars colonization and deep space exploration.

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Meteorite Fragments Fall Over Georgia After Daytime Fireball

A spectacular fireball exploded over Georgia on June 26, 2024, with NOAA satellites and Doppler radar capturing the event. The meteoroid, traveling at 30,000 mph, broke up in the atmosphere, scattering meteorite fragments. Residents reported sonic booms and some found meteorites, prompting a local hunt for these rare space rocks.

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Japan Launches GOSAT-GW Satellite to Monitor Greenhouse Gases and Water Resources

Japan’s H-IIA rocket successfully launched the GOSAT-GW satellite, designed for monitoring greenhouse gases and Earth’s water resources. Equipped with a spectrometer and radiometer, GOSAT-GW continues the legacy of previous GOSAT and GCOM-W missions, enhancing global environmental observation capabilities.

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Navalnaja Launches Satellite TV Channel to Bypass Russian Censorship

Julija Navalnaja launches a new TV channel, ‘Rysslands framtid’, via a satellite platform operated by Reporters Without Borders to combat censorship in Russia. The channel aims to reach Russians despite government blocks on social media, leveraging the fact that about 45% of Russians use satellite TV.

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NASA Confirms Meteor Fireball Over Southern U.S. States

A meteor streaked across the skies of Georgia, South Carolina, and Tennessee, prompting hundreds of calls and speculation about its origin. NASA confirmed the object was a three-foot-wide meteor, disintegrating with the energy of 20 tons of TNT, and even damaging a home near Atlanta.

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James Webb Space Telescope Captures Images of Newly Discovered Exoplanet TWA 7b

NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope has captured images of a potential new exoplanet, TWA 7b, orbiting the star TWA 7. Using high-contrast imaging and a coronagraph, scientists detected this Saturn-mass planet, marking a significant advance in exoplanet discovery beyond our solar system.

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Indian Astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla Interacts with PM Modi from International Space Station

Indian astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla, aboard the International Space Station as part of the Axiom-4 mission, spoke with Prime Minister Narendra Modi. Shukla, launched via a SpaceX Dragon spacecraft, shared his experiences in space and praised India’s growing role in human spaceflight, marking a historic milestone for the nation.

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NASA Discovers Unknown Bacteria in Mars Lander Clean Room, Raising Planetary Protection Concerns

NASA scientists found 26 new bacterial species in the Phoenix Mars Lander clean room, revealing extremophiles that could survive space travel. This discovery highlights the risk of Earth microbes contaminating Mars, prompting stricter sterilization protocols for future missions and raising the stakes for planetary protection efforts.

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History and Development of Satellite Communication

Satellite communication began in 1956 with James H. Trexler’s lunar signal experiment. Key milestones include Sputnik, the SCORE project, Echo, Telstar, and Syncom satellites. The first commercial satellite, Intelsat 1 (Early Bird), launched in 1965, revolutionized intercontinental communication by greatly increasing transmission capacity between continents.

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Japan Launches Final H-2A Rocket with Greenhouse Gas Monitoring Satellite

Japan launched the GOSAT-GW satellite on the final H-2A rocket, marking the end of an era for its mainstay launch vehicle. The mission aims to monitor greenhouse gases and enhance Japan’s role in the global satellite launch market with the transition to the new H3 rocket.

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Indian Astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla Shares Insights from ISS with PM Modi

Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla, the first Indian on the ISS, discussed India’s grand appearance from space, unity of the planet, and scientific experiments with PM Modi. Their conversation highlighted India’s Gaganyaan mission, the importance of science and spirituality, and the inspiration for India’s youth to pursue space exploration.

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Yingtian Builds Laser Communication Terminal Pilot Production Line for Satellite Networks

Yingtian Optics is constructing a 5,000m² pilot production line for satellite laser communication terminals, targeting an annual capacity of 1,000 units by Q3 2025. This facility will support China’s low-Earth orbit constellation needs, featuring aerospace-grade quality management and advanced testing to ensure high-reliability space communication equipment.

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NASA Mars Orbiter Boosts Radar Sensitivity with New Maneuver

NASA’s Mars Orbiter has learned a new maneuver after nearly 20 years in orbit, dramatically increasing its subsurface radar sensitivity by tenfold. This allows for deeper detection of water ice deposits on Mars, crucial for future colonization. The risky orientation change enables the spacecraft to gather more valuable data about the Martian interior.

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Rocket Lab Achieves Two Electron Launches Within 48 Hours

Rocket Lab successfully launched its Electron rocket twice within 48 hours, deploying an undisclosed satellite into a 650-kilometer orbit. This marks the shortest turnaround between launches at Launch Complex 1 and highlights Rocket Lab’s increasing launch cadence and reliability in the small satellite launch market.

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Japan Launches GOSAT-GW Greenhouse Gas Monitoring Satellite on Final H-2A Rocket Flight

Japan launched the GOSAT-GW satellite aboard the H-2A rocket’s final flight, advancing climate change monitoring by tracking greenhouse gases. The H-2A, with a near-perfect record since 2001, will be replaced by the cost-competitive H3 rocket as Japan aims to strengthen its position in the global satellite launch market.

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Shubhanshu Shukla Becomes First Indian Astronaut on International Space Station via Axiom-4 Mission

Shubhanshu Shukla has made history as the first Indian astronaut to arrive on the International Space Station (ISS), joining the Axiom-4 mission. The mission, a collaboration between NASA, ISRO, ESA, and SpaceX, will see the crew conduct 60 scientific experiments, advancing India’s human spaceflight ambitions.

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Shubhanshu Shukla Calls India ‘Majestic’ from Space, 41 Years After Rakesh Sharma

Axiom-4 pilot Shubhanshu Shukla became the first Indian in over 41 years to reach the International Space Station, echoing Rakesh Sharma’s iconic words by calling India “majestic” from space. The historic mission, launched via SpaceX Dragon, marks a major milestone for Indian spaceflight and international collaboration.

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Vera C. Rubin Observatory to Handle 60 Million Billion Bytes of Astronomical Data

The Vera C. Rubin Observatory will revolutionize astronomy by generating 60 million billion bytes of imagery over a decade. Its 3.2-gigapixel camera will capture the sky every 40 seconds, enabling unprecedented big data analysis of stars, galaxies, and cosmic events, transforming how astronomers study the universe.

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Greece Launches DUTHSat-2 CubeSat for Environmental Monitoring

Greece launched its first CubeSat, DUTHSat-2, aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 on the Transporter-14 mission. This microsatellite will enhance Earth observation and secure space communication, detecting marine pollution and monitoring soil moisture. The mission marks a significant step in Greece’s space technology and satellite capabilities.

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Greece Successfully Launches First Domestically Built Satellite DUTHSat-2

Greece achieved a space milestone with the launch of DUTHSat-2, its first fully homegrown Earth observation satellite. Built by Greek scientists and tech firms, DUTHSat-2 will enhance environmental monitoring, disaster response, and space communications, marking a significant leap in the nation’s microsatellite capabilities and space technology ambitions.

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James Webb Telescope Reveals Evolution of Edge-On Disk Galaxies

The James Webb Space Telescope has analyzed 111 edge-on disk galaxies, revealing how their dual-layered structures—thick and thin disks—formed over 11 billion years. Webb’s unique resolution allows astronomers to distinguish these layers, offering new insights into the evolution of galaxies like the Milky Way.

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NASA’s Advanced Propulsion Concepts Could Reach Sedna in Under a Decade

Researchers propose direct fusion drive (DFD) and solar sails with thermal desorption as revolutionary propulsion technologies, potentially enabling a mission to the distant world of Sedna in less than 10 years. This breakthrough could unlock new insights into the outer solar system and Sedna’s unique characteristics.

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SpaceX Wins $81.6 Million Contract to Launch U.S. Military Weather Satellite

SpaceX has secured an $81.6 million contract to launch the WSF-M2 weather satellite for the U.S. military in 2027. This mission, part of the National Security Space Launch Phase 3 program, highlights SpaceX’s dominance in military satellite launches and supports critical weather monitoring capabilities for national security.

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SpaceX Starship Rocket Explodes in Fireball During Texas Test

A SpaceX Starship rocket exploded into a massive fireball during a flight test at Massey’s Testing Center in Texas. The incident, captured on livestream, caused no injuries or hazards to nearby communities, according to SpaceX. The company urged the public to avoid the area following the explosion.

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Dead NASA Relay 2 Satellite Emits Unexpected Powerful Radio Pulse

A defunct NASA satellite, Relay 2, unexpectedly emitted a powerful radio pulse detected by astronomers nearly 60 years after it ceased operation. The brief burst, possibly caused by a micrometeorite impact or electrostatic discharge, outshone all other sky objects, offering new insights into space debris and satellite monitoring.

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NASA Reveals New Mars Images Suggesting Ancient Water Presence

NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter has captured stunning images showing chloride salt deposits, indicating that liquid water once existed on Mars. These findings, especially in ancient lake beds, support theories of a wetter Martian climate and raise prospects for past life on the Red Planet.

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SpaceX Launches 26 Starlink Satellites on Falcon 9 from Vandenberg SFB

SpaceX is set to launch 26 Starlink V2 Mini satellites on a Falcon 9 rocket from Vandenberg Space Force Base. The mission, Starlink 15-7, will expand the Starlink constellation and feature a booster landing attempt on the droneship ‘Of Course I Still Love You.’ Live coverage is available before liftoff.

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Zombie Satellite Sends Mysterious Radio Burst Detected by ASKAP

Scientists initially mistook a 30-nanosecond radio burst detected by ASKAP for a distant fast radio burst (FRB), but traced it to NASA’s long-dead Relay 2 satellite. The bizarre signal, coming from a satellite inactive since 1967, raises questions about unexpected satellite behavior and space technology mysteries.

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University of Washington Celebrates Rubin Observatory’s Debut and LSST Launch

The University of Washington marks the debut of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory in Chile, a major astronomy facility. UW astronomers, including Zeljko Ivezic, played key roles in its construction and upcoming Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST), expected to yield groundbreaking astronomical discoveries over the next decade.

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Daytime Fireball Meteor Causes Damage in Southeast US, Captured by Satellites

A bright fireball meteor streaked across the Southeast US on June 26, 2025, startling residents and causing damage to a Georgia home. The event was widely reported and captured on dashcams, with satellite imagery and NOAA’s GOES East satellite confirming the meteor’s path and flash.

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How to See and Track the Starlink Satellite Train in the Night Sky

The Starlink satellite train is a striking sight after SpaceX launches new satellites, appearing as a line of bright lights. These satellites, part of SpaceX’s megaconstellation for global internet, are best seen shortly after launch. Tracking websites and launch schedules help skywatchers spot this unique celestial event.

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NASA’s Role in Enhancing Satellite Earth Observations for SNWG

NASA supports the Satellite Needs Working Group (SNWG) by providing satellite Earth observation data crucial for federal agencies. These data aid in monitoring natural resources, disaster response, weather prediction, and more, increasing the usability and impact of satellite information for decision-makers and end users.

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Satellite Images Reveal Secret Activity at Iranian Nuclear Facility

New satellite photos have uncovered covert operations at an Iranian nuclear site, raising international concerns. The imagery provides rare insights into activities previously hidden from public view, highlighting the critical role of satellite surveillance in monitoring nuclear developments and ensuring global security.

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Israel-Iran War: Satellite Images Reveal Strikes on Nuclear and Military Sites

The Israel-Iran conflict has escalated with satellite images confirming strikes on Iranian nuclear facilities, missile sites, and energy infrastructure. Satellite imagery reveals damage at Natanz and Isfahan, as well as military and energy targets, highlighting the strategic use of space-based surveillance in modern warfare.

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NASA Learning Resources and Challenges for High School Students

Explore NASA’s educational opportunities for grades 9-12, including the Beyond the Algorithm Challenge, Open Science 101, and the HERA mission patch contest. Discover STEM career spotlights, astronaut training, and resources on asteroids, black holes, and Artemis I. These programs foster space science engagement and inspire future space professionals.

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New Satellite Images Reveal Damage at Fordow Nuclear Facility After US Strikes

Satellite images have revealed significant damage at Iran’s Fordow nuclear facility following recent US attacks. The imagery provides critical evidence of the impact on the site, highlighting the role of satellite technology in monitoring sensitive locations and global security events.

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How Scientists Calculate the Probability of an Asteroid Hitting Earth

Scientists use astrometry and continuous observation to calculate the impact probability of asteroids like 2024 YR4. As more data is collected, predictions improve, often reducing the estimated risk. Impact probabilities can fluctuate, but ongoing monitoring ensures accurate assessments of potential threats to Earth and the Moon.

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India’s Astronaut Reaches ISS, Boosting Space Economy Ambitions

India’s astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla’s arrival at the International Space Station marks a milestone in India’s space ambitions. The mission advances the Gaganyaan programme for independent crewed flights and supports research vital for future deep-space missions, signaling India’s intent to become a major space economy player.

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Satellite Images Reveal Damage After Israeli Strikes on Iran’s Natanz Nuclear Facility

Satellite images show the aftermath of Israeli strikes on Iran’s Natanz nuclear facility, confirmed by the International Atomic Energy Agency. The attack aimed to reduce the Iranian threat to Israel, with Iran responding to the assault. The images highlight the strategic use of satellite technology in monitoring global security events.

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Europe Develops Independent Satellite Network as Alternative to Starlink

Europe is building its own satellite network to reduce reliance on Elon Musk’s Starlink. The EU aims for greater independence in both military and civilian applications, with plans to use the German North Sea as a new spaceport.

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Satellites Capture Reconstruction at Iran’s Fordow Nuclear Facility

New satellite images from Maxar Technologies reveal intense reconstruction activity at Iran’s Fordow nuclear site after recent US airstrikes. The photos show excavation equipment repairing damage and creating new access routes, highlighting the role of commercial satellites in monitoring sensitive global developments.

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New Satellite Images Cast Doubt on Success of US Attack on Iranian Base

New satellite images raise questions about the claimed success of the US bombing of Iran’s Fordo nuclear facility. While US officials report a successful strike, the latest satellite data suggests the outcome may be different, highlighting the importance of satellite imagery in verifying military operations.

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Mexico Considers Legal Action Over SpaceX Rocket Debris and Environmental Impact

Mexico’s president has threatened legal action against SpaceX over rocket debris and environmental contamination from launches near the US-Mexico border. Officials are reviewing the environmental impacts of increased Starship launches, following a recent explosion, and considering which international laws may have been violated.

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Meteorite Lands in Metro Atlanta: NASA and Tellus Science Museum Weigh In

A meteorite landed in metro Atlanta, creating a fireball and sonic booms. NASA confirmed the object was over a ton and three feet wide, disintegrating above West Forest, GA. Tellus Science Museum astronomer suggests it may be linked to the Beta Taurids meteor shower. The event caused minor property damage and widespread public interest.

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