SpaceX’s Starlink has launched over 8,000 satellites since 2019, with about 4,000 operational and service in 125+ countries serving more than 5 million users. OneWeb merged with France’s Eutelsat in 2023 to form a combined GEO+LEO operator, after launching 618 of 648 Gen1 satellites by March 2023 and planning Gen2 at around 300 satellites. Amazon’s…
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Fiber-to-the-premises reach about 88% of Danish households as of early 2024, up from just over 84% in mid-2023. DSL coverage has declined to around 87–89% as copper networks are retired, with full decommission planned by 2030. Hybrid fiber-coaxial cable networks upgraded to DOCSIS 3.1 now cover roughly two-thirds of households, with rural fiber reach around…
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In 2024 the global space economy reached $415 billion, with commercial satellite activities totaling about $293 billion (71%). The number of active satellites rose from about 3,300 in 2020 to over 11,500 by end-2024 due to mega-constellations. SpaceX and OneWeb have joined traditional players like Airbus, Boeing, Lockheed Martin, Thales Alenia, Intelsat, SES, Eutelsat, and…
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Parker Solar Probe, launched August 12, 2018 on a Delta IV Heavy, became NASA’s first mission to fly through the Sun’s corona and “touch the Sun” in April 2021 when it crossed the Alfvén critical boundary during its 8th orbit. At its closest approaches Parker reaches about 3.8–4 million miles (6.2 million km) from the…
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The first internet connection in Cuba was established in 1996 as a 64 Kbps link via Sprint in the United States. In 2011, with help from Venezuela, Cuba installed the ALBA-1 undersea fiber-optic cable, which became publicly usable in January 2013, replacing the old satellite backbone. From December 6–8, 2018, ETECSA rolled out mobile internet…
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SOHO (Solar and Heliospheric Observatory), launched in 1995, became the first satellite to continuously observe the Sun from the Sun–Earth L1 point and carries the LASCO coronagraph, enabling CME tracking and the discovery of more than 5,000 comets. ACE (Advanced Composition Explorer), launched in 1997, and NOAA’s DSCOVR (Deep Space Climate Observatory), launched in 2015,…
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September 2008: Falcon 1 reached orbit on its fourth flight, becoming the first privately developed liquid-fuel rocket to orbit Earth. December 2008: NASA awarded SpaceX a $1.6 billion Commercial Resupply Services contract to deliver cargo to the ISS. May 2012: Dragon cargo capsule became the first commercial spacecraft to rendezvous with and deliver cargo to…
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As of 2022, Croatia had about 77% of the population as regular internet users, with 97% among youth. In cities, 86% of households have access to fast broadband, while rural areas had only about 39% in 2022. Fixed broadband uptake is roughly 75% of households, slightly below the EU average of about 78%. There is…
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As of 2024, about 53.4% of Ivorians live in urban areas, while urban internet usage is roughly 50% compared with 22% in rural areas. Côte d’Ivoire has laid over 5,200 km of fiber under the RNHD backbone, targeting nearly 7,000 km by September 2025. The country is connected to the ACE and WACS submarine cables,…
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The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope is planned to launch in late 2026 (latest commitment by May 2027) aboard SpaceX’s Falcon Heavy to a halo orbit around the Sun-Earth L2, about 1.5 million kilometers from Earth. Roman uses a 2.4-meter primary mirror repurposed from Hubble and a 300-megapixel Wide Field Instrument that covers about 0.28…
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