In the space of a single June weekend, the Fordow Fuel Enrichment Plant—long considered Iran’s most impregnable atomic fortress—went from hidden menace to smoking headline. Newly released commercial satellite photos reveal at least six cavernous craters in the rocky ridge protecting the underground centrifuge halls, evidence that the United States unleashed a dozen 30‑thousand‑pound Massive Ordnance Penetrators (MOPs)…
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Prelude to the Strike: Escalation of a Long-Simmering Conflict For months, tensions between Iran and its adversaries had been building toward a breaking point. In mid-June 2025, Israel launched a daring military campaign against Iran’s nuclear program, saying it “wanted to remove any chance of Tehran developing nuclear weapons” theguardian.com. Israeli airstrikes beginning on June…
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Before the Strike: Trucks and Bulldozers Spotted at Fordow Satellite surveillance captured telltale signs of Iranian preparations at Fordow. On June 19, 2025 a Maxar satellite image shows cargo trucks parked outside the underground entrance of the Fordow complex foxnews.com. The next day (June 20) another image reveals bulldozers and heavy vehicles moving toward the…
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SummaryNewly released high‑resolution pictures from Maxar and Planet Labs show the once‑impenetrable Fordow uranium‑enrichment plant gashed open after the 22 June U.S. air‑strike, with blast‑sealed tunnel mouths, greyed mountain rock and lingering smoke plumes. Image‑forensics, expert interviews and open‑source intelligence indicate that successive GBU‑57 “Massive Ordnance Penetrator” (MOP) bombs pulverised access shafts, cut external power and…
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Introduction: A New Era of Military Satcom is Here The U.S. Space Force has quietly teamed with SpaceX to create a secretive satellite Internet constellation for the military. Dubbed “MILNET,” this government-owned but SpaceX-operated network will comprise “480-plus” small satellites in low Earth orbit (LEO) breakingdefense.com. Announced in June 2025, the MILNET contract marks a…
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The war in Ukraine is not just being fought on land and in the skies – it’s also being waged in orbit. Since the full-scale invasion in 2022, both sides have leaned heavily on military satellite services for communication, intelligence, navigation, targeting, and early warning. From SpaceX’s Starlink internet constellation keeping Ukrainian forces online to…
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Modern militaries rely on robust communication networks to coordinate operations, from secure battlefield radios to satellites and smartphone-based systems. Precise and secure communications are the sinews of good decision-making on the battlefield – a decisive factor in warfare that enables effective command and control of forces othjournal.com. This report explores the history of military telecommunications…
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Governments worldwide are entering a “Sky Wars” satellite arms race – a contest to secure robust military satellite communications (Satcom) for the coming decade. From 2025 to 2035, defense agencies are pouring resources into Satcom as warfighters demand resilient, everywhere-connectivity. The Ukraine conflict underscored Satcom’s importance (e.g. Starlink kept forces online), spurring militaries to accelerate…
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Missile technology forms the backbone of modern military power, from intercontinental nuclear-tipped rockets to precision-guided tactical weapons. This comprehensive country-by-country guide details the world’s missile systems – ballistic missiles, cruise missiles, anti-ship and air-defense missiles, air-to-air weapons, and more – including those in service, in development, or recently retired. For each nation, we outline key…
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Introduction: The global fighter jet market is in takeoff mode in 2025, reaching record heights as nations race to modernize their air forces. Defense giants are vying to supply cutting-edge stealth aircraft amid rising geopolitical tensions and increased military spending. Major powers and their allies are pouring billions into new fighters, driven by NATO’s expansion,…
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