Zimbabwe connected to the internet relatively early, but access was very limited for many years. The first internet service providers (ISPs) emerged in the mid-1990s – Data Control & Systems was established in 1994 and MWEB in 1995 paynow.co.zw chatsports.com. At that time the internet was expensive and largely confined to corporations and elite users.…
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Overview of Direct-to-Device (D2D) Satellite-Cellular Convergence Direct-to-Device (D2D) satellite-cellular convergence refers to the emerging capability for ordinary consumer devices – like smartphones, IoT gadgets, even cars – to connect directly with satellites for voice, messaging, and data, without specialized satellite phones or ground infrastructure viasat.com telecom.economictimes.indiatimes.com. In essence, low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites function as…
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Jordan has emerged as one of the Middle East’s more connected nations, with over 90% of its population now online freedomhouse.org. Driven by ambitious digital strategies and telecom sector investments, the country’s internet infrastructure spans modern fiber-optic networks, widespread mobile broadband, and new satellite services like Starlink. This report provides a comprehensive overview of internet…
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Sweden is renowned for its advanced internet infrastructure and near-universal connectivity. The country boasts one of the highest internet penetration rates in the world – as of 2022, about 96% of Swedes use the internet, well above the EU average of 89% en.wikipedia.org. Sweden’s digital network infrastructure is highly developed, with almost 99% of households…
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Hungary’s internet landscape has transformed dramatically in recent years. Once defined by slow DSL connections and patchy rural coverage, the country is now pushing the boundaries with nationwide fiber-optic networks, expansive 4G/5G mobile broadband, and even satellite internet options. This report provides a comprehensive overview of internet access in Hungary – spanning fixed broadband (fiber,…
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Ukraine’s telecommunications sector has undergone a dramatic transformation from 2020 through 2024, marked by rapid digitalization, infrastructure upgrades, and unprecedented challenges from war. Despite setbacks, the industry has shown remarkable resilience and innovation. This report examines the key developments shaping Ukraine’s “telecom revolution” and provides a strategic outlook for 2025 and beyond, covering everything from…
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A New Antenna Revolution Flat-panel and phased-array antennas – once niche technologies reserved for defense and aerospace – are now at the forefront of a global connectivity revolution. From satellite broadband dishes to 5G base stations and radar sensors in self-driving cars, these advanced antennas are rapidly gaining commercial traction. The period from 2024 to…
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Historical Development Current State of Internet Infrastructure Dominican Republic internet penetration is high (~89% in 2024 datareportal.com), driven mostly by mobile broadband. As of mid-2023 there were 8.94 million mobile‑broadband subscriptions (about 73% of the population) versus only ~1.09 million fixed‑broadband lines (≈9%) trade.gov. Fixed broadband is available via fiber, cable and DSL in urban/suburban areas, while…
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Overview: Types of Infrastructure Targeted Ukraine’s telecommunications network encompasses a wide range of critical infrastructure that has come under attack since 2022. These include: Together, these attacks have aimed to sever Ukraine’s connectivity – both civilian communications and military command links – by dismantling the physical pillars of the internet, phone, and broadcast systems. The…
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Definition and Overview Aviation satellite services refer to the use of satellites to support air travel through communication, navigation, surveillance, and connectivity functions. These services enable aircraft to maintain links far beyond the range of ground-based radios by connecting to communications satellites en.wikipedia.org. Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) provide precise positioning and navigation signals to…
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