Erin is a Category 4 hurricane with sustained winds near 130 mph as of Aug. 18, 2025. The NHC placed Erin’s center near 24.1°N, 71.5°W, about 695 miles southwest of Bermuda. Hurricane-force winds extend about 80 miles from the center, and tropical-storm-force winds reach up to 230 miles. Forecast models indicate Erin will recur north…
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Erin formed in the Atlantic in mid-August 2025 and is the first hurricane of the season. As of August 15, 2025, Erin is a Category 1 hurricane with sustained winds near 75 mph and a central pressure around 993 mb, located hundreds of miles east of the northern Leeward Islands and moving west-northwest at about…
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Google Earth was downloaded over one billion times in its first six years. Google Earth’s Time Machine covers 1984 to 2022 in a 4D interactive map built from millions of satellite photos. The Landsat program began in 1972 and offers a 50+ year global land-surface data record, with Landsat 8 and 9 providing 30-meter resolution…
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NOAA’s Space Weather Prediction Center issued a G2 (moderate) geomagnetic‑storm watch for the night of 25 June 2025. A negative-polarity coronal hole crossing the Sun’s central meridian is releasing plasma at roughly 500–800 km/s toward Earth. The fast solar wind could drive auroras as far south as Colorado, New York and Oregon and briefly disturb…
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A coronal-hole high-speed stream traveling at about 750 km/s is slamming Earth’s magnetosphere and has prompted NOAA to issue a G2 (Moderate) geomagnetic-storm watch for 24–25 June 2025. The storm could push aurora visibility as far south as Illinois, Ohio, and New York on the night of 24–25 June 2025. The disturbance already produced vivid…
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Microwave radiometers measure brightness temperature from natural microwave emissions, enabling all-weather, day‑and‑night sensing through clouds, haze, and light rain. Oxygen absorption bands around 60 GHz (with a separate line at 118 GHz) are used for temperature sounding, while water vapor absorbs near 22.235 GHz and 183 GHz for humidity profiling. Nimbus-7 SMMR, launched in 1978,…
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Over 5,400 Earth observation satellites are projected to be launched globally from 2024 to 2033, nearly triple the previous decade. NOAA’s GeoXO program will deploy at least three geostationary satellites (with options up to four more) to upgrade GOES-R and extend Western Hemisphere coverage, following a $2.27 billion contract awarded to Lockheed Martin in 2024.…
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TIROS-1, launched by NASA on April 1, 1960, weighed about 120 kg and transmitted over 19,000 cloud images in 78 days, proving the concept of space-based weather observation. GOES-16 (GOES-East), launched in 2016 as part of the GOES-R series, delivers 0.5 km resolution imagery across 16 spectral bands and can scan as often as 30…
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SOHO (Solar and Heliospheric Observatory), launched in 1995, became the first satellite to continuously observe the Sun from the Sun–Earth L1 point and carries the LASCO coronagraph, enabling CME tracking and the discovery of more than 5,000 comets. ACE (Advanced Composition Explorer), launched in 1997, and NOAA’s DSCOVR (Deep Space Climate Observatory), launched in 2015,…
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