Vanguard’s Grim 10‑Year Forecast Puts the 4% Retirement Rule at Risk — What Retirees Should Do Now
Published: December 3, 2025 If you retired planning to “just follow the 4% rule,” today’s headlines should make you sit up. Vanguard’s latest capital markets outlook projects that U.S. stocks may return only about 2.8%–4.8% a year over the next decade,