Today: 7 February 2026
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Mateusz Kaczmarek

A technology and finance expert writing for TS2.tech. He analyzes developments in satellites, telecommunications, and artificial intelligence, with a focus on their impact on global markets. Author of industry reports and market commentary, often cited in tech and business media. Passionate about innovation and the digital economy.

Drone Laws in Brazil

Drone Laws in Brazil

Brazil regulates drones through ANAC, DECEA, and ANATEL, distinguishing recreational model aircraft from non-recreational RPAs while applying many core rules to both. Drones must maintain a 30-meter horizontal distance from uninvolved people, and a single pilot may operate only one drone at a time. Recreational users can fly model aircraft with no minimum age, and drones below 250 grams require no license or registration. Flying above 400 feet (120 meters) triggers licensing and rating requirements, so hobbyists typically stay under 120 meters and within visual line of sight. All RPA pilots must be at least 18 years old; lightweight RPA
29 June 2025
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Ghost Signals and Laser Shields: The Pentagon’s 500-Satellite Orbital Defense Net

Ghost Signals and Laser Shields: The Pentagon’s 500-Satellite Orbital Defense Net

In June 2024, Australian astronomers traced a 30-nanosecond radio burst to NASA’s defunct Relay-2 satellite, offline since 1967, likely caused by a micrometeoroid hit or decades of charge buildup. The LES-1 Lincoln Experimental Satellite, silent since 1967, transmitted again in 2012 after 45 years of dormancy. The Pentagon plans a 500-satellite orbital defense net by 2028 to form the Proliferated Warfighter Space Architecture, including laser-connected Transport and Tracking Layers. The PARCAE (White Cloud or NOSS) program deployed triplet satellite clusters in the 1960s to triangulate Soviet naval transmissions, declassified in 2023. The Vela satellites monitored nuclear detonations, with the 1979
29 June 2025
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Quiet Goodbye, Bold Hello: Japan’s H3 Rocket Takes the Torch from H-2A to Slash Costs and Double Cadence

Quiet Goodbye, Bold Hello: Japan’s H3 Rocket Takes the Torch from H-2A to Slash Costs and Double Cadence

Japan’s H-2A completed its 50th and final launch on June 28, 2025, carrying the GOSAT-GW climate-monitoring satellite, after a 49-for-50 success rate (98%). Over its service, H-2A lofted payloads including SELENE (Kaguya), Akatsuki, Hayabusa 2, and the Emirates Mars Mission. H3, Japan’s next-generation launcher, is designed to be more cost-effective and flexible, standing about 57–63 meters tall with a 5.2-meter first-stage core and up to 6.5 metric tons to geostationary transfer orbit. The H3 uses LE-9 engines in configurations of two or three with an expander-bleed cycle, the first main-stage application of this cycle, delivering about 1,470 kN thrust per
29 June 2025
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ForgeStar-1: Pioneering the UK’s Orbital Chip Foundry in Space

ForgeStar-1: Pioneering the UK’s Orbital Chip Foundry in Space

ForgeStar-1 launched on June 12, 2025 aboard SpaceX Falcon 9 Transporter-14 from Vandenberg Space Force Base, marking the UK’s first in-space manufacturing mission. The Welsh-built ForgeStar-1 is a fully retrievable, reusable space factory designed to survive re-entry and be reused for multiple missions. The Pridwen deployable heat shield protects ForgeStar-1 during atmospheric re-entry and will be demonstrated as a key proof-of-concept. On-Orbit Steering and the Aether software provide real-time tracking and predictive mapping to guide the satellite’s re-entry into a controlled corridor. ForgeStar-1 functions as an autonomous Microgravity Foundry, performing crystal growth and thin-film deposition without human operators. The mission
29 June 2025
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Mexico Drone Laws 2025: Regulations, Requirements, and Recent Updates

Mexico Drone Laws 2025: Regulations, Requirements, and Recent Updates

The NOM-107-SCT3-2019 standard, effective January 2020, defines three RPAS weight classes—Micro ≤2 kg, Light >2 kg up to 25 kg, and Heavy >25 kg—with operation categorized as Recreational, Private Non-Commercial, or Commercial. Drones over 250 grams must be registered in the Mexican Aeronautical Registry via AFAC’s RPAS Registration form (Appendix K of NOM-107), with registrations valid for three years and requiring ownership proof, the drone’s serial number, and a Mexican citizenship or residency ID (foreign nationals cannot register). As of 2024, pilots operating larger or commercial drones must hold an RPAS pilot license; eligibility includes Mexican birth, at least 18
28 June 2025
Internet Access in Norway: A Comprehensive Overview

Internet Access in Norway: A Comprehensive Overview

Norway reaches near-universal online access, with about 99% of residents online, 99.1% of homes able to receive at least 100 Mbps, and 96% gigabit availability as of 2024. Fiber-to-the-home (FTTH/FTTP) is the fixed broadband backbone, with over 70% of households on fiber delivering symmetric speeds from hundreds of Mbps up to multi-gigabit. As of 2023–2024, fixed broadband speeds average 140–142 Mbps download (100–127 Mbps upload), with the average subscribed download speed rising to about 300 Mbps in 2023 and 325 Mbps in 2024. Norway’s mobile networks are highly developed, with 4G coverage virtually 100%, 5G launched in 2020 and by
28 June 2025
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Plan-S Expands Connecta Constellation to 17 Satellites, Boosting Gigabit Industrial IoT and Cutting Latency

Plan-S Expands Connecta Constellation to 17 Satellites, Boosting Gigabit Industrial IoT and Cutting Latency

The four new Connecta satellites named Connecta IoT-9, IoT-10, IoT-11, and IoT-12 were launched in June 2025 aboard SpaceX’s Falcon 9 on the Transporter-14 rideshare. The launch brings Plan-S’s Connecta constellation to 17 satellites in orbit, with 12 commercially active satellites and the remainder as test/demo units. The new satellites enable gigabit-level data access across the Connecta network, with aggregate throughput on the order of gigabits per second (Gbps). <li Plan-S reports a 40% increase in data collection frequency due to the new satellites, reducing data latency and moving toward near real-time global data collection. The Connecta system uses a
28 June 2025
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Xona’s Pulsar Constellation Secures $92M to Revolutionize GPS with Centimeter-Accurate, Unhackable Navigation

Xona’s Pulsar Constellation Secures $92M to Revolutionize GPS with Centimeter-Accurate, Unhackable Navigation

Xona’s Pulsar constellation plans to deploy 250–300 small LEO satellites at about 326 miles (525 km) altitude to deliver centimeter-level PNT. Pulsar signals are encrypted and authenticated, with satellites orbiting ~40× closer to Earth than GPS to produce about 100× stronger received signals. A ‘cloud architecture for atomic clocks’ coordinates timing from ground stations instead of placing ultra-expensive clocks on every satellite, delivering nanosecond-level timing. Most existing GPS chipsets can access Pulsar signals with a firmware update, enabling rapid, near-term adoption. The system targets GPS vulnerability by defending against jamming and spoofing, branding Pulsar as an unhackable alternative. In June
28 June 2025
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Texting From Space: The T-Mobile–Starlink ‘T-Satellite’ Launch Heralds the Direct-to-Device Era

Texting From Space: The T-Mobile–Starlink ‘T-Satellite’ Launch Heralds the Direct-to-Device Era

In August 2022, T-Mobile and SpaceX announced the Coverage Above and Beyond partnership to end mobile dead zones by connecting standard smartphones to Starlink satellites, branded as T-Satellite with Starlink, aiming to cover roughly 500,000 square miles of the U.S. Starlink Gen2 satellites feature Direct to Cell antenna arrays that enable direct-to-device connectivity with unmodified 4G/5G smartphones, effectively emulating a space-based cell tower. The first batch of six direct-to-cell capable Starlink satellites was launched in January 2024 on a Falcon 9 rocket. In March 2024 the FCC issued rules for non-terrestrial networks and, in November 2024, granted SpaceX conditional approval
28 June 2025
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Internet Access in Malawi: Infrastructure, Penetration, and Future Outlook

Internet Access in Malawi: Infrastructure, Penetration, and Future Outlook

The national fiber-optic backbone, about 1,300 km long, was completed in 2018 by Huawei to connect major cities and border links in Malawi. In July 2023, ESCOM linked Malawi to Tanzania’s national broadband backbone, a move expected to lower international bandwidth costs and extend connectivity to rural areas. In 2023, Liquid Intelligent Technologies launched a new fiber route between Zambia and Malawi to provide faster, more direct access to backbones and data centers. As of early 2025, Malawi had 13.2 million active mobile cellular connections, representing about 60.3% of the population, with more than 90% on 3G or 4G networks.
27 June 2025
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Drone Laws in Turkey: A Comprehensive 2025 Report

Drone Laws in Turkey: A Comprehensive 2025 Report

Turkey’s drone regime is administered by the General Directorate of Civil Aviation (SHGM) under the 2016 Unmanned Aircraft Systems Instruction (SHT-İHA), which classifies civil drones by weight into four categories: İHA0, İHA1, İHA2, and İHA3. Drones with a maximum takeoff weight of 500 grams or more must be registered in SHGM’s UAV registry, while drones under 500 g are largely exempt, and foreign operators must obtain a flight permit at least 20 business days before flying. Recreational pilots can fly İHA0 (0.5–4 kg) without a license but must be at least 12 years old; İHA1 (4–25 kg) requires an İHA1
27 June 2025
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Beaming the Watts Down: NASA × Ascent Solar’s Thin-Film Array Sets the Stage for Space-to-Earth Power Transmission

Beaming the Watts Down: NASA × Ascent Solar’s Thin-Film Array Sets the Stage for Space-to-Earth Power Transmission

The space-based solar power (SBSP) concept was proposed in 1968 by Peter Glaser to place satellites in orbit and beam power to Earth. In 2023 Caltech’s Space Solar Power Demonstrator (SSPD-1) conducted three beaming tests in May, June, and July 2023 using the MAPLE flexible array to show ground reception of orbital power. In June 2025, Ascent Solar announced a 12-month Collaborative Agreement with NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) and Glenn Research Center (GRC) to develop thin-film PV arrays for power beaming. Ascent’s copper-indium-gallium-selenide (CIGS) thin-film modules achieve about 15.7% production efficiency, with the Titan line targeting 17%+ efficiency
27 June 2025
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