Reports

Introduction to Mobile & Portable Satellite Internet A SpaceX Starlink satellite dish set up outdoors. Portable satellite internet terminals like this bring high-speed connectivity to remote areas in 2025.Mobile and portable satellite internet delivers broadband connectivity from satellites in space directly to users on the move or in remote locations. Instead of relying on traditional…
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Introduction Imagine getting ultra-fast internet in the middle of the ocean or deep in a remote village, all thanks to satellites orbiting above. 5G satellite internet is an emerging paradigm that fuses next-generation 5G wireless technology with satellite networks to deliver broadband connectivity virtually anywhere on Earth. By leveraging constellations of low Earth orbit (LEO)…
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Countries and Companies Supplying Drones to Ukraine Types and Models of Drones Used by Ukraine (by Function) Ukraine employs a vast array of drones, both military-grade and civilian, serving different functions on and off the battlefield. Below are the major categories of drone types and notable models in each category: Ukrainian Drone Manufacturers and Domestic…
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Customs and Tax Rules for Drone Imports Since Russia’s full-scale invasion in 2022, Ukraine has significantly relaxed import taxes and procedures for drones and related military tech. Normally, imported drones would incur standard import duty (customs tariff) and a 20% value-added tax (VAT). However, wartime measures have waived these costs for most drone imports: In…
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Introduction and Background Fiber-optic guided drones – UAVs that communicate via a physical fiber-optic cable rather than radio – have emerged as a game-changing technology in the Ukraine–Russia war. Though the concept of wire-guided munitions is not new (wire-guided anti-tank missiles like the U.S. TOW and Israel’s Spike have been in service for decades), applying…
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Geostationary satellites – perched 36,000 km above Earth in the coveted orbit where they match Earth’s rotation – are entering a new era of renewal and reinvention. After decades of steady service, many of the world’s GEO satellites are aging beyond their planned lifespans, and a wave of replacements and upgrades is on the horizon. Between…
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Morocco has experienced a dramatic expansion in internet connectivity over the past decade. As of early 2024, there were 34.47 million internet users in the country, representing an internet penetration rate of about 90.7% of the population datareportal.com datareportal.com. (For comparison, this marks a jump from around 84% in 2021 freedomhouse.org.) The vast majority of…
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Taxes and Customs Duties on Drone Imports Current Tax Exemptions: As of 2023, Ukraine has waived value-added tax (VAT) and customs duties on the import of drones and related equipment due to the wartime need kyivindependent.com. In February 2023, the parliament adopted bills abolishing VAT (normally 20%) and import tariffs on drones, thermal imagers, night…
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Estonia, often dubbed a Baltic tech star, has transformed itself into one of the most digitally advanced societies. From nearly universal internet access on the ground to new connectivity options beaming down from satellites, Estonia’s internet revolution touches every corner – even rural farms and outer space. This report explores the state of Estonia’s internet…
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Executive snapshot 1. Where the law stands today (mid-2025) Jurisdiction Binding instrument Status & key 2025 deadlines Direct requirements for generative / foundation models European Union Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 – “AI Act” Entered into force 1 Aug 2024; prohibitions apply 2 Feb 2025; general-purpose model rules kick in 2 Aug 2025 and most other obligations…
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