CATL unveiled the world’s first mass-produced sodium-ion EV battery, named Naxtra, in 2023 and began deploying it in cars by late 2023. Sodium-ion cells typically deliver 140–160 Wh/kg, with CATL’s best prototypes around 175 Wh/kg and a second-generation cell expected to exceed 200 Wh/kg. All-solid-state lithium batteries are projected to store 50% to 100% more…
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Solid-state batteries use a solid electrolyte and lithium-metal anodes, offering 50–100% higher energy density than today’s Li‑ion and 1,000+ cycles with about 95% capacity retention, with Toyota targeting 750 miles per charge and 10-minute charging by 2027–2028. Lithium-sulfur batteries have a theoretical energy density above 500 Wh/kg, and a recent all-solid-state Li‑S cell demonstrated around…
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