On June 24, 2025, President Donald Trump arrived in The Hague demanding all 32 NATO allies commit 5% of their GDP to defense. Spain and Slovakia sought carve-outs, exposing cracks despite a one-page summit communiqué praised by NATO Secretary-General Mark Rutte. From Air Force One, Trump phoned Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Iranian intermediaries…
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Syria has conducted annual nationwide internet shutdowns on high school exam days since 2016, with 2020–2025 patterns showing daily outages of roughly 3.5 to 5.5 hours during exam periods. Syria’s shutdowns use an asymmetric model that allows outbound traffic but blocks inbound responses, making the internet effectively unusable. In Syria, the 2023 exam season produced…
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