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Don’t Fly Your Drone in Malta Before Reading This (2025 Guide to Drone Laws)

Don’t Fly Your Drone in Malta Before Reading This (2025 Guide to Drone Laws)

Key Facts (Quick Summary) Recreational vs. Commercial Drone Use Malta does not enact two completely separate sets of laws for “hobby” versus “business” drone flights – the same EU-based rules apply to both, focused on the risk and category of operation rather than the pilot’s intent drone-made.com. That said, in practice there are stricter expectations and limitations on how and where you can fly for fun versus for work. Bottom line: Whether recreational or commercial, you must register, insure, and (if above the most minimal category) get licensed before flying in Malta. The critical difference is where and under what
19 September 2025
New Zealand Drone Laws 2025: The Ultimate Guide to Safe & Legal Flying

New Zealand Drone Laws 2025: The Ultimate Guide to Safe & Legal Flying

New Zealand regards drones as aircraft, requiring compliance with Civil Aviation Rules Part 101 (up to 25 kg) and Part 102 (advanced operations). The Civil Aviation Act 2023 came into force on 5 April 2025, reaffirming drone pilots’ duties and enabling new rules like registration and Remote ID. Part 101 requires drones to weigh 25 kg or less, with 15–25 kg models needing inspection and approval by an authorized organization before use. Daylight-only flying is required under Part 101, with night operations allowed only under Part 102 with a special permit. Visual line of sight must be maintained at all
2 August 2025
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Philippines Drone Laws 2025: The Ultimate Guide (9 Key Things You Need to Know)

Philippines Drone Laws 2025: The Ultimate Guide (9 Key Things You Need to Know)

CAAP administers Philippine drone regulation under the PCAR, with Part 11 covering RPAS operations, Part 2 licensing, and Part 4 registration and marking. Drones weighing 7 kg or more must be registered with CAAP, while lighter drones under 7 kg are exempt unless used commercially. The Remote Pilot License (Controller Certificate) is required for commercial operations or heavy drones (≥7 kg) used recreationally, with training, a knowledge exam, a practical test, and a five-year certificate validity. An UAS Operator Certificate is required for commercial drone activities, and it is typically valid for three years. Special Flight Permits from CAAP are
1 August 2025
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Comprehensive Guide to Drone Laws in Ireland (2025 Update)

Comprehensive Guide to Drone Laws in Ireland (2025 Update)

Since 31 December 2020, Ireland follows EU drone rules (Regulations 2019/947 and 2019/945) enforced by the Irish Aviation Authority (IAA). Drones are categorized by risk as Open, Specific, and Certified, with Open and Specific covering most operations today. Operator registration is required for drones 250 g or heavier or any drone with a camera, costs €40 for five years, and yields a visible Operator ID. Open-category pilots must complete online training and pass an A1/A3 certificate, with an additional A2 theoretical exam and practical practice to obtain an A2 certificate. Maximum altitude is 120 meters above ground level, and BVLOS
17 July 2025
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Comprehensive Guide to Drone Laws in Portugal (2025 Update)

Comprehensive Guide to Drone Laws in Portugal (2025 Update)

Since January 1, 2021, Portugal adopted EU drone regulations (EU 2019/947 and 2019/945) under EASA, introducing Open/Specific/Certified categories. The Open category applies to drones under 25 kg operated within visual line of sight up to 120 meters altitude, with subcategories A1, A2, and A3 defining proximity to people. Operations that exceed Open limits—such as heavier drones, BVLOS, or night flights—fall into the Specific or Certified categories and require ANAC authorization after a risk assessment. Drone operator registration is mandatory for drones 250 grams or more or with cameras; you receive an operator ID valid for five years via the online
13 July 2025
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Hong Kong Drone Laws 2025: Comprehensive Guide to Regulations and Requirements

Hong Kong Drone Laws 2025: Comprehensive Guide to Regulations and Requirements

Hong Kong’s drone regime is governed by the Small Unmanned Aircraft Order (Cap. 448G) under the Civil Aviation Ordinance, which took effect on June 1, 2022 and became fully enforced on December 1, 2022. The framework uses a risk-based classification with Category A1 for drones up to 250 g, Category A2 for 250 g to 7 kg, and Category B for over 7 kg up to 25 kg. Category A1 is exempt from registration and most licensing, while Category A2 requires drone and remote-pilot registration, and Category B requires CAD permission and advanced training. Registration is via the CAD Electronic
10 July 2025
How to Build Your Own AI: The Complete 2025 Guide to Costs, Tools, and Making Money

How to Build Your Own AI: The Complete 2025 Guide to Costs, Tools, and Making Money

OpenAI’s GPT-4, released in 2023, is a proprietary multimodal model (text and images) available via API or Azure and handles a few thousand input tokens by default. Anthropic’s Claude 2 offers a 100,000-token context window and is accessible via API, with prompting costs roughly half of GPT-4 per token. Meta’s LLaMA 2, released in 2023, comes in 7B, 13B, and 70B parameter sizes; weights are downloadable and commercial use is allowed under a permissive license with minor restrictions. Mistral 7B, a 7.3B parameter model released in 2023, is Apache 2.0 licensed and can run on a single GPU, reportedly outperforming
Swiss Drone Laws 2025: The Ultimate Guide to Rules, Restrictions, and Requirements

Swiss Drone Laws 2025: The Ultimate Guide to Rules, Restrictions, and Requirements

On January 1, 2023, Switzerland officially adopted EU drone regulations (EASA), introducing Open/Specific/Certified categories and a 120 m altitude cap. The minimum age to pilot a drone solo is 12, with pilots aged 12–15 requiring supervision by a 16+ year-old. Operator registration with FOCA is mandatory for drones with a camera or weighing 250 g or more, and a single registration covers all drones. Visual line of sight (VLOS) is required at all times, and FPV flights are allowed only if a co-located observer maintains unaided visual contact. The maximum altitude is 120 m above ground level, with FOCA authorization
23 June 2025
Flying High or Facing Fines? The Ultimate Guide to Canada’s Drone Laws (2025)

Flying High or Facing Fines? The Ultimate Guide to Canada’s Drone Laws (2025)

Transport Canada regulates drones under the Aeronautics Act and the Canadian Aviation Regulations, with Part IX of the CARs introduced in 2019 to set nationwide RPAS rules for drones from 250 g to 25 kg. Drones weighing under 250 g, often called microdrones, are largely exempt from licensing and registration, though pilots must still fly safely. Canada uses a risk-based Basic versus Advanced framework and applies the same safety rules to recreational and commercial flights, regardless of intent. Drones in the 250 g to 25 kg range must be registered with Transport Canada and pilots must hold a drone pilot
15 June 2025
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Military Satellite Services: Complete Guide to Secure Communications

Military Satellite Services: Complete Guide to Secure Communications

The United States operates the Advanced Extremely High Frequency (AEHF) constellation, delivering jam-resistant, global, protected military communications including nuclear command and control links. Navstar GPS is a 31-satellite global navigation system that provides precise positioning, navigation, and timing to guide munitions such as JDAM and to synchronize encrypted networks. Defense Support Program (DSP) and the Space-Based Infrared System (SBIRS) form the U.S. early-warning constellation that uses infrared sensors to detect missile launches worldwide. U.S. Keyhole KH-11 optical reconnaissance satellites (and successors) provide high-resolution imagery from space. Russia operates the Liana ELINT constellation, including Lotos-S1 in low orbit and Pion-NKS in
4 June 2025
Maritime Satellite Services: Complete Guide to Ship Connectivity & Communications

Maritime Satellite Services: Complete Guide to Ship Connectivity & Communications

L-band MSS terminals, such as Inmarsat FleetBroadband and Iridium Certus, provide global coverage with compact antennas but limited data throughput. Ku-band VSAT (12–18 GHz) has been the maritime workhorse, Ka-band HTS (26–40 GHz) offers higher capacity, while C-band deployments are restricted near shore due to interference and large dish requirements. GEO satellites offer broad coverage with about 600 ms latency, while LEO Iridium NEXT, a 66-satellite constellation upgraded 2017–2019, provides true global L-band coverage and was recognized as a GMDSS provider in 2020. SpaceX Starlink and OneWeb have emerged as disruptive LEO players in maritime, with Starlink signing on nearly
Internet Access in Russia

Internet Access in Russia

As of early 2025, Russia had about 133 million internet users, a penetration rate of 92.2% of the population. Russia’s backbone includes over 100 data centers and 38 Internet Exchange Points, with Moscow and St. Petersburg acting as major hubs. There were 216 million active mobile cellular connections in 2025, equal to about 150% of the population, and about 95% of these connections are broadband. Fixed broadband is dominated by fiber, with FTTH/FTTB accounting for more than 90% of fixed lines in many regions and over 31 million fiber broadband subscribers by 2022. In 2023 Russia had approximately 110 mobile
15 May 2025
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