Mateusz Kaczmarek

A technology and finance expert writing for TS2.tech. He analyzes developments in satellites, telecommunications, and artificial intelligence, with a focus on their impact on global markets. Author of industry reports and market commentary, often cited in tech and business media. Passionate about innovation and the digital economy.

Uzbekistan’s Internet Makeover: Blazing Speeds, New Satellites, and Lingering Barriers

Uzbekistan’s Internet Makeover: Blazing Speeds, New Satellites, and Lingering Barriers

Uzbekistan’s internet infrastructure has shifted from slow dial-up to fiber and 4G/5G networks, with Uztelecom expanding fiber backbones and boosting international capacity to 3.2 Tbps in 2022. As of 2022, 2G networks blanket 99% of the population, 3G covers about 90%, and 4G LTE reaches roughly two-thirds of residents. In 2023, Uzbekistan began rolling out 5G with thousands of base stations, with the first phase targeting full 5G coverage in Tashkent and partial coverage in provincial centers. Uztelecom dominates fixed broadband, carrying 98% of fixed connections, while private mobile operators include Ucell, Beeline Uzbekistan, Mobiuz, and Perfectum Mobile. There were
25 June 2025
Fiber-Optic Odyssey: How Greece’s Internet Is Evolving from DSL to Starlink

Fiber-Optic Odyssey: How Greece’s Internet Is Evolving from DSL to Starlink

By mid-2023 FTTP availability was 38.4% of Greek households, with 0% rural fiber and over 60% of homes lacking fiber. By mid-2023 5G coverage reached 98.1% of the population, with about 59% of households having access to ultra-fast 5G mid-band (3.5 GHz) and just 6% of rural households covered by mid-band 5G. Starlink arrived in Greece in early 2022 and was fully available nationwide by March 2023, delivering typical speeds of 150–300 Mbps down and 20–40 Mbps up with latency about 30–50 ms. Starlink pricing fell from about €99/month to €60, then €40/month in late 2023, while hardware costs run
25 June 2025
Cosmic IoT Revolution: How Optimized Satellite Constellations Are Connecting Every Corner of Earth

Cosmic IoT Revolution: How Optimized Satellite Constellations Are Connecting Every Corner of Earth

Starlink has over 7,500 active LEO satellites as of 2025 at about 550 km altitude, with plans to up to 42,000, uses Ku/Ka bands and laser inter-satellite links, and is piloting Direct-to-Cell IoT connectivity with latency around 20–50 ms. OneWeb has approximately 600 active satellites out of 648 in its first-generation network in near-polar orbits at about 1,200 km, delivering ~70 ms latency and enterprise backhaul IoT capability, with global coverage achieved in early 2023 and a merger with Eutelsat. Iridium operates 66 active cross‑linked LEO satellites at around 780 km, uses Ka-band inter-satellite links, provides truly global 100% coverage,
25 June 2025
The High-Speed Secret: How Finland Quietly Built One of the World’s Best Internet Networks

The High-Speed Secret: How Finland Quietly Built One of the World’s Best Internet Networks

By September 2023, 71% of Finnish households had gigabit fixed broadband (1 Gbps) and 78% had 100 Mbps+ speeds, driven by 61% fiber access by end-2023. Finland aims for every household to have at least 100 Mbps connectivity (upgradeable to 1 Gbps) by 2025, with a national plan to reach full 1 Gbps nationwide by 2030. 4G coverage exceeds 99% of the population and 5G coverage reached about 88–90% by early 2023, with Elisa reporting 90% 5G home-area coverage by end of 2023 and DNA at 86% by March 2023. Starlink became available in Finland in late 2022, with a
24 June 2025
Quantum Leap: Satellite QKD’s Race to Secure the Global Data Economy (2024–2031)

Quantum Leap: Satellite QKD’s Race to Secure the Global Data Economy (2024–2031)

The global QKD market (including terrestrial and satellite) is projected to grow from about $0.48 billion in 2024 to $2.63 billion by 2030, a CAGR of roughly 32.6%. Space-based QKD is forecast to reach about $1.1 billion by 2030, representing roughly 40–45% of the total QKD market. China’s Micius satellite, launched in 2016, demonstrated QKD over 1,200 km and enabled a 7,600 km intercontinental secure video call in 2017, and by 2025 its Beijing–South Africa link achieved about 12,800 km. The ESA/EC EAGLE-1 mission is planned for launch in late 2025 or early 2026 as Europe’s first satellite-based QKD system
The Digital Desert Awakens: Inside Tunisia’s Expanding Internet Frontier

The Digital Desert Awakens: Inside Tunisia’s Expanding Internet Frontier

As of early 2024, about 9.96 million Tunisians were internet users, roughly 79.6% of the population. In January 2024, Tunisia had 16.73 million active mobile connections, equal to 133.7% of the population. 99.9% of the population is covered by mobile signals, with 4G reaching about 94.9% of inhabitants. Tunisie Telecom’s fiber backbone spans roughly 50,000 km, and late-2024 initiatives connected 2,900 homes in Tataouine (~7,000 users) via fiber at about $160,000. International bandwidth capacity grew from 82.5 Gbps in 2012 to about 1,710 Gbps in 2023. 5G licensing occurred in September 2024, initial licenses were granted in November 2024, and
Singapore Drone Laws 2025 – Everything You Need to Know (Updated Guide)

Singapore Drone Laws 2025 – Everything You Need to Know (Updated Guide)

Drones weighing more than 250 grams must be registered in Singapore, a rule in effect since 2020, with penalties up to S$10,000 or 6 months’ imprisonment for unregistered flights. Registration involves two steps: purchasing a S$25 registration label and completing online registration on the CAAS UA Portal, with the label uniquely tied to the aircraft and non-transferable. As of February 14, 2025, Singapore removed the registration cap, allowing unlimited drones above 250 g to be registered to a single owner via the Centralised Flight Management System (CFMS). Recreational drones weighing 1.5 kg to 7 kg require at least a UA
24 June 2025
Peering Through Clouds: Microwave Radiometry’s Crucial Role in Weather Prediction

Peering Through Clouds: Microwave Radiometry’s Crucial Role in Weather Prediction

Microwave radiometers measure brightness temperature from natural microwave emissions, enabling all-weather, day‑and‑night sensing through clouds, haze, and light rain. Oxygen absorption bands around 60 GHz (with a separate line at 118 GHz) are used for temperature sounding, while water vapor absorbs near 22.235 GHz and 183 GHz for humidity profiling. Nimbus-7 SMMR, launched in 1978, was the first conical-scanning microwave imager with five channels at 6, 10, 18, 21 and 37 GHz. DMSP SSM/I, launched in 1987, carried seven channels from 19 to 85 GHz and provided all-weather ocean winds, rain rates, and snow cover. NOAA’s MSU/AMSU family began with
24 June 2025
Swiss Drone Laws 2025: The Ultimate Guide to Rules, Restrictions, and Requirements

Swiss Drone Laws 2025: The Ultimate Guide to Rules, Restrictions, and Requirements

On January 1, 2023, Switzerland officially adopted EU drone regulations (EASA), introducing Open/Specific/Certified categories and a 120 m altitude cap. The minimum age to pilot a drone solo is 12, with pilots aged 12–15 requiring supervision by a 16+ year-old. Operator registration with FOCA is mandatory for drones with a camera or weighing 250 g or more, and a single registration covers all drones. Visual line of sight (VLOS) is required at all times, and FPV flights are allowed only if a co-located observer maintains unaided visual contact. The maximum altitude is 120 m above ground level, with FOCA authorization
23 June 2025
State of Internet Access in Palau: From Coral Reefs to Starlink

State of Internet Access in Palau: From Coral Reefs to Starlink

Until 2017 Palau relied entirely on satellite internet, with only about 25% of the population online. In 2017 Palau lit its first fiber link by connecting a spur into the trans-Pacific SEA-US cable, known as Palau Cable 1, near Guam, financed by a $25 million Asian Development Bank loan. Palau Cable 2 is under construction as part of the Echo transoceanic cable, linking Palau to the Google/Meta-led Echo network; activation is now expected in Q1 2025 with a landing station in Ngardmau State and funding from a Japan–Australia–United States trilateral partnership. Mid-2023 Palau experienced a week-long outage of its lone
23 June 2025
Fueling the Future: Inside the $8 Billion In-Orbit Satellite Servicing Boom by 2034

Fueling the Future: Inside the $8 Billion In-Orbit Satellite Servicing Boom by 2034

The global in-orbit servicing market is forecast to grow from about $2.4–$2.7 billion in the mid-2020s to roughly $8 billion by 2034, a CAGR of about 11–12%. Northrop Grumman SpaceLogistics’ Mission Extension Vehicle, MEV-1, docked to Intelsat-901 in 2020, restoring operations and extending life by more than 5 years. MEV-2 docked with IS-10-02 in 2021, following MEV-1, demonstrating repeatable life-extension capability. ESA’s ClearSpace-1 is slated for 2026 to capture and deorbit a Vega rocket upper stage, marking the first commercial debris-removal mission. Orbit Fab’s RAFTI refueling port was qualified as an official DoD standard in 2023, with at least three
23 June 2025
Laser vs. Radar: Shocking Secrets of Earth’s Shrinking Ice Revealed from Space

Laser vs. Radar: Shocking Secrets of Earth’s Shrinking Ice Revealed from Space

ICESat-2 (NASA) launched September 15, 2018 on a Delta II rocket and carries the Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS), a photon-counting laser that operates from a ~481 km near-polar orbit (92°) with ground tracks repeating every 91 days to map ice sheets, sea-ice freeboard, glacier height, and forest canopy. CryoSat-2 (ESA) launched April 8, 2010 on a Dnepr rocket, in a ~717 km, 92° inclined drifting orbit not sun-synchronous and reaching up to 88° latitude to measure ice thickness on land and sea. ICESat-2 fires about 10,000 laser pulses per second (532 nm green) with six beams, producing an
23 June 2025
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Stock Market Today

Broadcom Stock Gets a Google AI Spend Lift as Jefferies Sees 60% Upside

Broadcom Stock Gets a Google AI Spend Lift as Jefferies Sees 60% Upside

7 February 2026
Google raised its 2026 capital expenditure forecast to $175 billion–$185 billion, with most spending expected on data-center chips. Broadcom shares rose about 2% after the announcement, while Nvidia and AMD slipped. Jefferies reiterated a buy rating on Broadcom, maintaining a $500 price target, implying a 62% upside from Wednesday’s close.
No $2,000 IRS stimulus check is coming in February 2026 — but Trump’s tariff-check talk keeps the rumors alive

No $2,000 IRS stimulus check is coming in February 2026 — but Trump’s tariff-check talk keeps the rumors alive

7 February 2026
The IRS has not announced new federal stimulus payments for February 2026, and Congress has not approved fresh checks. Trump told NBC he is considering $2,000 tariff rebate checks but has not committed, saying any payout would likely come later in 2026. The IRS warns taxpayers to ignore texts and emails about “stimulus payments” and verify notices through official channels.
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