Introduction Iran’s nuclear program has evolved from a U.S.-backed research initiative in the 1950s into one of the world’s most contentious proliferation challenges. Over seven decades, Iran has moved from peaceful nuclear cooperation under the Shah to a secretive post-revolution quest that alarmed the world. International negotiations, sanctions, and covert actions have punctuated this saga,…
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Introduction: What Are Fiber-Optic Drones? Fiber-optic drones are unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) that use a physical fiber-optic cable for communication instead of relying on radio signals ts2.tech. In practice, the drone is tethered by an ultralight fiber-optic line that carries control commands and high-bandwidth data (like video) between the drone and its operator. This “fly-by-fiber”…
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Introduction to Anti-Drone Technologies As drones proliferate in both civilian and military arenas, the need to counter rogue or malicious drones has become urgent. High-profile incidents – from drones causing airport shutdowns to UAVs menacing critical infrastructure – have underscored the threat. For example, the NFL reported a staggering 20,000% increase in drone incursions at…
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Introduction and Significance The Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor is a fifth-generation stealth fighter jet renowned as one of the most formidable air superiority fighters ever built. Developed for the United States Air Force (USAF) as a successor to the F-15 Eagle, the F-22 pioneered new levels of stealth, speed, and maneuverability when it entered service…
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The convergence of satellite communications with 5G networks is accelerating, launching a new space race to provide broadband backhaul from orbit. In the period 2024–2031, companies are investing billions of dollars into constellations of Low Earth Orbit (LEO), Medium Earth Orbit (MEO), and Geostationary Orbit (GEO) satellites to extend 5G coverage to every corner of…
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Overview and Development History Sukhoi Su-57 stealth fighters in flight during a demonstration. The Sukhoi Su-57, known by its NATO codename “Felon,” is Russia’s first fifth-generation stealth fighter jet. Developed under the PAK FA program (Perspektivnyy Aviatsionnyy Kompleks Frontovoy Aviatsii – “Prospective Airborne Complex of Frontline Aviation”), the Su-57 was designed to replace aging Soviet-era…
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Global Rise of Private Spaceflight Companies The once government-only arena of spaceflight is now a thriving global industry fueled by private companies. In 2023, the global space economy reached $570 billion, nearly double its size a decade earlier spacefoundation.org. Commercial ventures account for ~78% of this economy spacefoundation.org, reflecting how companies worldwide are taking the…
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Poland is experiencing a rapid transformation in its internet landscape, marked by surging broadband speeds and expanding access even in remote villages. Once lagging behind its Western European peers in connectivity, the country is now closing the gap through aggressive fiber-optic rollout, near-ubiquitous mobile broadband, and even the adoption of cutting-edge satellite internet services. This…
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Introduction: The way you access the internet can make or break your online experience. Is fiber-optic broadband truly the fastest option everywhere? Can the latest 5G wireless and Elon Musk’s Starlink satellite network dethrone wired broadband? What about legacy tech like DSL or alternatives like cable, fixed wireless, and even futuristic Li-Fi light-based internet? In…
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The Rising Threat of Drones in Modern Warfare and Public Security Drones as Emerging Threats: Small unmanned aerial systems (UAS) have rapidly become a double-edged sword – offering benefits for civilians while introducing new threats on battlefields and in public spaces ctc.westpoint.edu ctc.westpoint.edu. Terrorist organizations and insurgents have weaponized cheap commercial drones for bombings, kamikaze…
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