Marcin Frąckiewicz

CEO of TS2 Space and founder of TS2.tech. Expert in satellites, telecommunications, and emerging technologies, covering trends in space, AI, and connectivity.

Top 10 Web Browsers of 2025: Features, Security, Market Share & Performance Comparison

Top 10 Web Browsers of 2025: Features, Security, Market Share & Performance Comparison

Google Chrome holds roughly two-thirds of the global browser market in 2025, about 66–67%. Apple Safari commands about 17–18% of the global market in 2025, with desktop share around 9%. Microsoft Edge accounts for about 5% of global share in 2025, with roughly 13.8% of desktop usage and features like Vertical Tabs, Collections, and an AI-powered Bing Chat in the sidebar. Mozilla Firefox holds about 2–3% globally in 2025, using the Gecko engine and Enhanced Tracking Protection for strong privacy. Opera commands roughly 2% global share in 2025, with built-in ad blocker, free VPN, and Opera GX for gaming. Samsung
19 June 2025
Inside DeepSeek AI: The Chinese Foundation Model Powerhouse Revolutionizing Open-Source AI in 2025

Inside DeepSeek AI: The Chinese Foundation Model Powerhouse Revolutionizing Open-Source AI in 2025

DeepSeek AI was founded in 2023 as a spin-off from Hangzhou‑based High-Flyer Capital Management, following a March 2023 announcement that the fund would devote resources to AGI research. High-Flyer built two private AI clusters before export restrictions—1,100 NVIDIA A100 GPUs in 2020 and about 10,000 A100 GPUs in 2021, at a cost of ¥1 billion, with a 10,000‑GPU cluster online by 2022. In May 2024, DeepSeek‑V2 was released as a 236‑billion‑parameter Mixture-of-Experts model that ranked top three on AlignBench and was described as rivaling GPT‑4‑Turbo at low cost. Liang Wenfeng, born in 1985, is DeepSeek’s founder and CEO, owning about
Quantum Technologies Unleashed: The Ultimate 2025 Guide to Computing, Communication, Sensing & More

Quantum Technologies Unleashed: The Ultimate 2025 Guide to Computing, Communication, Sensing & More

The four pillars of quantum technology are quantum computing, quantum communication, quantum sensing (metrology), and quantum simulation. In 2016, China’s Micius satellite demonstrated satellite-based quantum key distribution by distributing entangled photons between ground stations over 1,200 km. IBM aims to build a 4,000+ qubit machine by 2025 and demonstrated a 433-qubit processor in 2022. D-Wave’s latest quantum annealers exceed 5,000 qubits. QuEra unveiled a 256-atom neutral-atom array called Aquila for quantum simulation. China’s quantum milestones include the 66-qubit Zuchongzhi superconducting processor achieving a sampling advantage in 2020–2021 and the Jiuzhang photonic computer performing Gaussian boson sampling with 113 photons. The
18 June 2025
Mind-Blowing: Nearly 15,000 Satellites Are Whizzing Around Earth Right Now—Find Out Why It Matters

Mind-Blowing: Nearly 15,000 Satellites Are Whizzing Around Earth Right Now—Find Out Why It Matters

As of March 2025, approximately 14,900 total satellites were in orbit, with about 11,000–12,000 active and 3,000–4,000 inactive or defunct. SpaceX’s Starlink has about 7,000–7,500 active satellites in orbit as of 2025, accounting for over 60% of all operational satellites and a goal of 42,000 total. OneWeb deployed 648 satellites with roughly 652 operational by late 2024, helping the UK become the third-largest operator with around 700 registered satellites. Amazon’s Project Kuiper plans a constellation of about 3,200 satellites, with test satellites launched in 2023–24 and large-scale deployment expected to begin in 2024. China is planning megaconstellations named Guowang or
Wildfires Beware: How AI is Predicting and Preventing Forest Infernos

Wildfires Beware: How AI is Predicting and Preventing Forest Infernos

FireSat, a Google Research–led constellation with the Earth Fire Alliance, will refresh every 20 minutes and use onboard AI to detect fires as small as a 5×5 meter patch (25 m²); the first satellite was launched in 2025. ALERTCalifornia operates 1,100+ AI-assisted cameras across California, filtering frames to alert responders and enabling early detection before 911 calls. Pano AI uses tower-mounted ultra-HD cameras and the Pano Rapid Detect platform, is deployed in 10 U.S. states and 5 Australian states, and helped shorten response by 20–30 minutes on the 2023 Jackson Road Fire in Washington to contain it at 23 acres.
Why iOS Isn’t Open Source: The Secrets Behind Apple’s Walled Garden

Why iOS Isn’t Open Source: The Secrets Behind Apple’s Walled Garden

Apple introduced the iPhone in 2007, originally naming the OS iPhone OS and presenting it as OS X with desktop-class applications to emphasize hardware–software integration. The App Store launched in 2008, with every native app required to use Apple’s SDK and undergo Apple’s review and guidelines. Apple released the Darwin core under the Apple Public Source License, and in 2017 posted the ARM64 iOS kernel source publicly, while higher‑level iOS remains closed. In 2015 Apple open-sourced the Swift programming language under an Apache license. iOS is tightly integrated with Apple hardware, including the Neural Engine and Secure Enclave, enabling optimizations
18 June 2025
Internet Kill Switch: Recurring Blackouts in Syria, Iraq, Algeria – And Who’s Next?

Internet Kill Switch: Recurring Blackouts in Syria, Iraq, Algeria – And Who’s Next?

Syria has conducted annual nationwide internet shutdowns on high school exam days since 2016, with 2020–2025 patterns showing daily outages of roughly 3.5 to 5.5 hours during exam periods. Syria’s shutdowns use an asymmetric model that allows outbound traffic but blocks inbound responses, making the internet effectively unusable. In Syria, the 2023 exam season produced at least 11 nationwide outages, each about 4 hours long (06:00–10:00), spanning May–June for the first round and late June–July for the second. Iraq began regular exam-related shutdowns in 2023, imposing near-daily four-hour nationwide outages (04:00–08:00) during exams, with a total of 42 outages in
18 June 2025
Top 100 Hottest AI Tools Revolutionizing Life and Work in 2025

Top 100 Hottest AI Tools Revolutionizing Life and Work in 2025

Midjourney (on Discord) uses the V6 model and offers plans starting around $10/month for Basic, $30/month for Standard, and $60/month for Pro. DALL-E 3 (OpenAI) is integrated with ChatGPT in ChatGPT Plus, which costs $20/month, with image-generation credits priced around $0.02–$0.03 per image. Synthesia offers AI avatars (100+ options) and 120+ languages, with a Personal plan at $30/month including 10 video credits (about 10 minutes). Descript provides text-based video and audio editing with Overdub, a Free plan, Creator plan at $12/month for 10 hours transcription, and Pro at $24/month for 30 hours. Pictory converts long-form text into videos, offering Standard
13 AI Tools Revolutionizing Personal Life and Professional Productivity (2024–2025)

13 AI Tools Revolutionizing Personal Life and Professional Productivity (2024–2025)

ChatGPT (OpenAI) uses GPT-4 and Gemini models and reached about 200 million users by late 2024. Claude (Anthropic) offers a context window up to 100,000 tokens in Claude 2 to analyze long texts and source code. Google Bard (Gemini) and Duet AI bring Gemini-powered productivity to Google Workspace, with Bard free for general users and Duet AI priced from $30 per user/month. Microsoft 365 Copilot is embedded across Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook, and Teams, uses GPT-4, and enterprise pricing starts around $30 per user/month. Notion AI launched in 2023 and Notion reached over 20 million users by early 2024. GrammarlyGO
18 June 2025
AI and the Transformation of Web Search (2024–2030)

AI and the Transformation of Web Search (2024–2030)

Google introduced the Search Generative Experience (SGE) in 2023–2024, using the Gemini AI model to produce top-of-page AI overviews with citations. After limited trials, Google rolled out AI overviews to all U.S. users in 2024 and aims to reach over a billion people by year’s end, with ads remaining separate and publisher traffic preserved. Gemini’s multimodal abilities enable searches by image or video, including experiments where a user can upload a video clip and the AI analyzes it to troubleshoot a device. Microsoft launched Bing with a GPT-4-powered chat in early 2023, integrated via the Prometheus framework to use the
18 June 2025
Kwangmyong: Inside North Korea’s National Intranet Service

Kwangmyong: Inside North Korea’s National Intranet Service

Kwangmyong is North Korea’s national intranet launched in the early 2000s, a closed network that provides email, websites, and digital resources only within North Korea to isolate citizens from the global Internet. <li North Korea's first internal email service, Sili Bank, was established in 2001 to enable internal electronic correspondence on Kwangmyong. The first intranet “internet café” opened in Pyongyang in 2002 with about 100 computers, marking the start of public access to Kwangmyong. Kwangmyong uses .kp domain names and private IP ranges such as 10.x.x.x, is not routable on the global Internet, and most access is via IP addresses
18 June 2025
Insane Internet Speeds: The Fastest Connections on Earth and What’s Coming Next

Insane Internet Speeds: The Fastest Connections on Earth and What’s Coming Next

In June 2024, a team led by Japan’s NICT and Aston University achieved 402 Tbps over a single standard optical fiber using six wavelength bands (O, E, S, C, L, and U). In March 2024, the same international team reached 301 Tbps by extending into E-band and S-band with a custom amplifier for those bands. In July 2021, NICT researchers transmitted 319 Tbps over 3,001 km using a 4-core optical fiber with 552 channels across a 120 nm spectrum. In August 2020, University College London set a then-record of 178 Tbps using geometric shaping constellations. In April 2025, NICT with
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Stock Market Today

Corning stock price hits record close — what’s driving GLW and the next big test

Corning stock price hits record close — what’s driving GLW and the next big test

7 February 2026
Corning shares jumped 8.3% to a record $122.16 Friday, gaining 11% over two sessions amid strong demand for AI infrastructure stocks. The move follows a $6 billion optical fiber deal with Meta and upgraded company forecasts. Shares traded as high as $122.56 and rose 0.6% after hours. COO Avery Nelson sold 1,894 shares for tax withholding, retaining 66,050.
PepsiCo stock: €2.5 billion bond deal lands as investors size up the price-cut gamble

PepsiCo stock: €2.5 billion bond deal lands as investors size up the price-cut gamble

7 February 2026
PepsiCo priced €2.5 billion in euro notes across four maturities, with settlement set for Feb. 11, according to an SEC filing. The company plans to use proceeds for general corporate purposes, including repaying commercial paper. Shares closed at $170.49 Friday, up 1.8%. PepsiCo is also cutting U.S. snack prices by up to 15% after consumer pushback.
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