Marcin Frąckiewicz

CEO of TS2 Space and founder of TS2.tech. Expert in satellites, telecommunications, and emerging technologies, covering trends in space, AI, and connectivity.

Li-Fi vs Wi-Fi 7 vs 5G: Which Next-Gen Wireless Will Rule 2025?

Li-Fi vs Wi-Fi 7 vs 5G: Which Next-Gen Wireless Will Rule 2025?

The IEEE 802.11bb Li-Fi standard was ratified in mid-2023, providing a global framework for interoperable Li-Fi devices. PureLiFi’s Light Antenna One module can deliver about 1 Gbps at distances from 20 cm to roughly 3 m using standard LED sources. Lab demonstrations have surpassed 100 Gbps with Li-Fi, with a cited test reaching 224 Gbps in lab conditions. Real-world Li-Fi speeds are around 1 Gbps, and Li-Fi is positioned as a complementary technology to Wi-Fi rather than a replacement. Wi‑Fi 7, known as 802.11be, began certification in 2024, and by 2025 the first Wi‑Fi 7 routers, mesh systems, and client
5 August 2025
Satellite-to-Cell Showdown: Apple vs Starlink vs AST in the Race to Connect Your Phone Anywhere

Satellite-to-Cell Showdown: Apple vs Starlink vs AST in the Race to Connect Your Phone Anywhere

Apple launched Emergency SOS via satellite in late 2022 with the iPhone 14, becoming the first mainstream phone to offer satellite messaging. Apple’s satellite system uses Globalstar’s LEO satellites (about 1,400 km altitude) with custom hardware and extremely low bandwidth, delivering a few bytes per second and requiring the user to point and hold the phone for about 15–30 seconds per transmission. In late 2023 Apple added roadside assistance texting via satellite with AAA in the U.S., and iPhone purchases include two years of satellite service for free. Apple announced in 2024 that iOS 18 will enable standard iMessage texting
NVIDIA Blackwell B200 vs AMD MI350 vs Google TPU v6e – 2025’s Ultimate AI Accelerator Showdown

NVIDIA Blackwell B200 vs AMD MI350 vs Google TPU v6e – 2025’s Ultimate AI Accelerator Showdown

NVIDIA’s Blackwell B200 features 180 GB of HBM3e memory per GPU with up to 8 TB/s bandwidth, 18 PFLOPS FP4 tensor throughput, 9 PFLOPS FP8, and 4.5 PFLOPS FP16, plus a second-generation Transformer Engine. NVIDIA claims DGX B200 delivers about 3× the training performance and 15× the inference performance of DGX H100 in end-to-end workflows. Google’s TPU v6e, codenamed Trillium, delivers 918 TFLOPS BF16 per chip, 1.836 PFLOPS INT8, 32 GB of HBM per chip, and 1.6 TB/s bandwidth per chip, with a 256-chip pod delivering about 234.9 PFLOPS BF16. AMD Instinct MI350X/MI355X offer 288 GB of HBM3e, up to
Sora vs Veo 3 vs Runway Gen-4: Which AI Video Generator Is Taking Over 2025?

Sora vs Veo 3 vs Runway Gen-4: Which AI Video Generator Is Taking Over 2025?

Sora can generate videos up to 20 seconds at 1080p for ChatGPT Pro users and 10 seconds at 720p for ChatGPT Plus, with a research version capable of about 1 minute. Sora outputs at 24 fps and supports widescreen, vertical, and square aspect ratios, with visible watermarks by default. Sora excels at photorealistic imagery and coherent motion, preserving object permanence and realistic physics better than earlier AI video models. Sora is integrated into the ChatGPT interface with Remix, Storyboard, Re-cut, and Loop features for editing within the same workflow. Veo 3 can produce eight-second videos with native audio, including sound
5 August 2025
Battle of the EV Charging Standards: Tesla’s NACS vs. CCS2 vs. CHAdeMO – Who Will Rule the Roads in 2025?

Battle of the EV Charging Standards: Tesla’s NACS vs. CCS2 vs. CHAdeMO – Who Will Rule the Roads in 2025?

Tesla introduced its own charging connector with the Model S in 2012 and opened it as NACS in late 2022. Tesla’s V3 Superchargers deliver up to 250 kW (about 1000 V, 250 A) to compatible vehicles, enabling about 80% charge in roughly 20 minutes under ideal conditions. Ford announced NACS ports for 2025 models in May 2023, followed by GM in June 2023, with Volvo, Polestar, Mercedes‑Benz, Nissan, Honda, Rivian, Lucid, Hyundai, Kia, Genesis, and VW Group joining by late 2023. The SAE officially standardized NACS as SAE J3400 in 2023, and the U.S. government endorsed NACS as a national
Beyond Lithium-Ion: Sodium-Ion vs. Solid-State vs. Lithium-Sulfur – Who Wins the Next Battery Race?

Beyond Lithium-Ion: Sodium-Ion vs. Solid-State vs. Lithium-Sulfur – Who Wins the Next Battery Race?

CATL unveiled the world’s first mass-produced sodium-ion EV battery, named Naxtra, in 2023 and began deploying it in cars by late 2023. Sodium-ion cells typically deliver 140–160 Wh/kg, with CATL’s best prototypes around 175 Wh/kg and a second-generation cell expected to exceed 200 Wh/kg. All-solid-state lithium batteries are projected to store 50% to 100% more energy than today’s Li-ion, with Toyota claiming a 20% initial range boost for its solid-state packs due in 2027–28. Solid-state designs could enable 600–1000+ miles per charge, according to industry projections and Toyota’s statements. Lithium-sulfur cells have a theoretical energy density of 600–800 Wh/kg, Fraunhofer’s
AI Showdown 2025: ChatGPT vs Google Gemini vs Anthropic Claude – Which Model Leads the Pack?

AI Showdown 2025: ChatGPT vs Google Gemini vs Anthropic Claude – Which Model Leads the Pack?

OpenAI’s ChatGPT runs on GPT-4o (GPT-4 Omni), introduced in early 2025 as a multimodal model that handles text, images, and voice. GPT-4.5, code-named Orion, was rolled out to ChatGPT Pro in February 2025 to boost performance ahead of GPT-5, which is under development for late-summer 2025. Anthropic released Claude 4 in May 2025, with two main variants—Claude 4 Opus and Claude 4 Sonnet—featuring a 200K token context and an extended thinking mode for chain-of-thought reasoning. Google’s Gemini 2.5 arrived in mid-2025 as the first publicly available multi-agent model, with Pro and Flash variants and a full 1M token context. Gemini
Ultimate 2025 Showdown: iOS vs Android vs HarmonyOS — Which Mobile OS Reigns Supreme?

Ultimate 2025 Showdown: iOS vs Android vs HarmonyOS — Which Mobile OS Reigns Supreme?

HarmonyOS Next, released in late 2024, runs on a fully self-developed system base with no Android dependencies. At launch, HarmonyOS Next offered over 15,000 apps and meta-services, and Huawei reported more than 6.75 million HarmonyOS developers by late 2024. Huawei claimed HarmonyOS powers over 1 billion devices as of 2024. Global smartphone OS market shares in early 2025 place Android at about 76–80%, iOS at around 19%, and HarmonyOS at roughly 5%. In China by late 2024, HarmonyOS reached 19% market share, overtaking iOS at 17%. The iOS App Store contains about 2 million apps, and in 2024 iOS generated
Ultimate Robot Vacuum Showdown 2025: Roomba Combo J9+ vs Roborock S9 MaxV Ultra vs Deebot X2 Omni

Ultimate Robot Vacuum Showdown 2025: Roomba Combo J9+ vs Roborock S9 MaxV Ultra vs Deebot X2 Omni

Roomba Combo J9+ uses a single mop pad on an auto-retract arm with Dry Rug Intelligence that lifts the pad completely off carpet to keep rugs dry, and its Clean Base dock empties into a disposable bag for about 60 days and refills the 210 ml water tank, but it does not auto-wash the mop pad. Roborock S9 MaxV Ultra (Saros 10) delivers 22,000 Pa max suction, uses VibraRise 4.0 with up to 4,000 vibrations per minute and up to 20 mm mop lift, and its Ultra dock washes and dries the mop while refilling water (battery 5,200 mAh; about
4 August 2025
Wi-Fi 7 Mesh Router Showdown: Eero Max 7 vs. Google Nest Wi-Fi Pro 7 vs. TP-Link Deco BE95 – Which Reigns Supreme in 2025?

Wi-Fi 7 Mesh Router Showdown: Eero Max 7 vs. Google Nest Wi-Fi Pro 7 vs. TP-Link Deco BE95 – Which Reigns Supreme in 2025?

TP-Link Deco BE95 is a quad-band Wi‑Fi 7 system with BE33000 up to 33 Gbps theoretical throughput across four bands, two 6 GHz radios, a 16‑stream (4×4) setup, 12 internal antennas, plus a SFP+ option and a USB 3.0 port. The Eero Max 7 is a tri‑band Wi‑Fi 7 router with about 20.8 Gbps combined theoretical throughput (BE20800) and up to 4.3 Gbps wireless link rate to a single client. Google’s Nest Wi‑Fi Pro 7 had not been officially announced by August 2025, but is expected to be tri‑band like the current Nest Wi‑Fi Pro 6E, which offered 5.4 Gbps
17-Inch Portable Monitor Showdown: Asus ROG Strix XG17AHP vs LG Gram +View 17 vs Espresso Display 17 Pro (2025 Comparison)

17-Inch Portable Monitor Showdown: Asus ROG Strix XG17AHP vs LG Gram +View 17 vs Espresso Display 17 Pro (2025 Comparison)

The Asus ROG Strix XG17AHP is a 17.3-inch 1080p IPS portable monitor with 1920×1080 resolution, ~127 PPI, 240 Hz refresh, ~3 ms response, Adaptive-Sync, and a built-in 7800 mAh battery for roughly 3–4 hours of wireless use. The LG Gram +View 17 uses a 17-inch WQXGA 2560×1600 IPS panel in a 16:10 aspect, ~350 nits brightness, ~99% DCI-P3, and weighs about 780 g, with two USB-C ports (DP Alt Mode + 45W PD) and a mini HDMI but no internal battery. The Espresso Display 17 Pro features a 17.3-inch 4K UHD 3840×2160 IPS panel, 16:9, ~255 PPI, 100% DCI-P3, 10-bit
4 August 2025
Next‑Gen Dash Cam Showdown: Nextbase iQ 4K vs Garmin Dash Cam Live vs BlackVue DR970X Plus – 2025’s Ultimate Smart Dashcam Battle

Next‑Gen Dash Cam Showdown: Nextbase iQ 4K vs Garmin Dash Cam Live vs BlackVue DR970X Plus – 2025’s Ultimate Smart Dashcam Battle

Nextbase iQ 4K uses a tri-camera setup with a front 2160p Ultra HD (30 fps), an interior cabin camera at 1440p (30 fps), and an optional rear camera at 1440p (30 fps). Garmin Dash Cam Live records a single front lens at 1440p Quad HD up to 30 fps with a 140° diagonal FOV and provides built-in LTE via Garmin Vault subscriptions. BlackVue DR970X Plus is a dual-channel system with a front 4K UHD (3840×2160) 30 fps and a rear 1080p 30 fps camera, using about 146° diagonal front FOV and Sony STARVIS 2 sensor tech. Nextbase iQ powers through
4 August 2025
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Stock Market Today

BBAI stock jumps 16% into BigBear.ai share-vote week — what to watch next

BBAI stock jumps 16% into BigBear.ai share-vote week — what to watch next

7 February 2026
BigBear.ai Holdings shares surged 15.7% Friday to $4.72 ahead of a key shareholder vote on doubling authorized shares to 1 billion. Options trading was heavy, with a put/call ratio of 0.19. The company recently announced deals in AI customs technology and a partnership with Abu Dhabi’s AD Ports Group. The special meeting is set for Feb. 18, with online voting open until late Feb. 17.
American Airlines stock jumps nearly 8% as airlines rally — what to watch next week

American Airlines stock jumps nearly 8% as airlines rally — what to watch next week

7 February 2026
American Airlines shares jumped 7.6% to $15.24 Friday, rebounding with a broad rally that sent the Dow past 50,000 for the first time. Investors are watching the carrier’s battle with United at Chicago O’Hare, where a summer capacity surge could trigger a fare war. American also announced new Philadelphia–Porto service for 2027 and launched a centennial inflight menu.
Apple stock price ends week higher as Dow hits 50,000; jobs and CPI loom next

Apple stock price ends week higher as Dow hits 50,000; jobs and CPI loom next

7 February 2026
Apple closed up 0.8% at $278.12 Friday, then slipped 0.3% after hours. The S&P 500 jumped 1.97% and the Nasdaq rose 2.18% as chipmakers rallied, while Amazon fell 5.6% on higher capex guidance. Investors await U.S. jobs data Feb. 11 and CPI Feb. 13. Apple’s next dividend is $0.26 per share, payable Feb. 12.
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