BME:IBE 24 July 2025 - 14 December 2025

In a landmark climate ruling, the United Nations’ International Court of Justice declared that climate change poses an “urgent and existential threat” and warned that countries must “cooperate to achieve concrete emission reduction targets” or risk breaching international law reuters.com reuters.com. The ICJ’s July 23 advisory opinion – hailed by vulnerable island nations – suggests that failing to meet obligations under treaties like the Paris Agreement could even expose wealthy polluters to future compensation claims by hard-hit countries reuters.com reuters.com. “States must cooperate to achieve concrete emission reduction targets,” ICJ Judge Yuji Iwasawa emphasized, underscoring that insufficient action violates the “stringent obligations” of international climate accords reuters.com. While non-binding, this unprecedented opinion provides a powerful new legal tool for climate accountability, energizing calls for stronger global action. On the same day, a dramatic U.S. policy shift emerged in Washington. The Trump administration moved to dismantle the EPA’s “endangerment finding” – the scientific foundation for regulating greenhouse gases – by arguing that federal law “does not require” carbon emission limits politico.com. A draft EPA proposal reported on July 23 outlines a legal strategy to overturn the 2009 finding that greenhouse gases threaten public health, aiming to derail virtually all U.S. climate