Governments worldwide are entering a “Sky Wars” satellite arms race – a contest to secure robust military satellite communications (Satcom) for the coming decade. From 2025 to 2035, defense agencies are pouring resources into Satcom as warfighters demand resilient, everywhere-connectivity. The Ukraine conflict underscored Satcom’s importance (e.g. Starlink kept forces online), spurring militaries to accelerate…
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Total Number of Satellites in Orbit (Active vs. Defunct) in 2025 As of 2025, Earth is encircled by an unprecedented number of artificial satellites. By the end of March 2025, approximately 14,900 total satellites were orbiting the planet. However, not all of these are operational. Roughly 11,000–12,000 of these satellites are active and functioning, while…
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Introduction A massive forest fire rages through dry vegetation. AI technologies are emerging as critical tools to detect and prevent such devastating wildfires. Wildfires have become more frequent and intense in our warming world, incinerating millions of acres of forest and threatening communities and ecosystems. Each year, wildfires burn an estimated 400 million hectares of…
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Introduction The pace of internet connectivity has accelerated to truly insane speeds, from experimental lab links transferring petabits per second to gigabit-grade services available in homes. Around the world, researchers and providers are continually breaking speed records and rolling out ultra-fast networks. This report explores the extremes of internet speed in three realms: cutting-edge laboratory…
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Regulatory Authorities and Framework in Italy Drone operations in Italy are governed by both national and European regulators. The Italian Civil Aviation Authority (ENAC) is the primary authority that implements and enforces drone laws in Italy lexology.com drone-laws.com. Since Italy is a member of the European Union, it follows the common EU drone regulations set…
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Haiti lags far behind its neighbors in internet access. As of early 2025, only about 39.3% of Haitians – roughly 4.65 million people – were using the internet datareportal.com. This penetration rate is among the lowest in the Caribbean (the regional average is around 78% in recent years) worldbank.org. In other words, over 60% of…
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Broadband Infrastructure: Fiber, DSL, and Cable North Macedonia’s fixed broadband landscape has evolved from legacy DSL lines to modern fiber-optic networks. The incumbent Makedonski Telekom (MakTel) remains the dominant fixed-line provider, but its once-ubiquitous DSL service is gradually being eclipsed by fiber. In recent years MakTel has aggressively expanded fiber-to-the-home (FTTH), migrating many DSL customers…
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Introduction: Why Satellite Phones Still Matter in 2025 Satellite phones remain essential for reliable off-grid communication, even as mainstream smartphones gain limited satellite texting features. When you’re far beyond cell coverage – deep in wilderness, at sea, or in disaster zones – a sat phone can be a literal lifeline. In mid-2025, the leading providers…
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The convergence of satellite communications with 5G networks is accelerating, launching a new space race to provide broadband backhaul from orbit. In the period 2024–2031, companies are investing billions of dollars into constellations of Low Earth Orbit (LEO), Medium Earth Orbit (MEO), and Geostationary Orbit (GEO) satellites to extend 5G coverage to every corner of…
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History of Commercial Space Travel for Private Citizens Commercial space travel for private individuals – often dubbed space tourism – has evolved from a sci-fi dream into a nascent industry over the past few decades. The first landmark came in April 2001, when American businessman Dennis Tito paid ~$20 million for a seat on a…
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