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Space Exploration News 8 June 2025 - 28 June 2025

Major Astronomy News in June 2025: Webb’s Exoplanet Discovery, Rubin’s First Images, Space Missions & More

Major Astronomy News in June 2025: Webb’s Exoplanet Discovery, Rubin’s First Images, Space Missions & More

The James Webb Space Telescope directly imaged a Saturn-mass exoplanet, TWA 7 b, about 0.3 Jupiter masses at 50 AU from its star, marking Webb’s first direct exoplanet discovery. The missing baryon problem was resolved using 69 fast radio bursts, showing about 76% of ordinary matter lies in hot intergalactic gas, ~15% in halos around galaxies, and ~9% in galaxies. Comet C/2014 UN271 (Bernardinelli–Bernstein), the largest Oort Cloud comet, showed CO outgassing jets at 16.6 AU with a nucleus about 140 km across, observed by ALMA. Solar Orbiter delivered the first views of the Sun’s south pole from an inclination
28 June 2025
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SpaceX: Mid-2025 Comprehensive Report (June 27th, 2025)

SpaceX: Mid-2025 Comprehensive Report (June 27th, 2025)

Summary of Recent Developments (Mid-2025) SpaceX’s Starship vehicle lifting off on its ninth test flight from Starbase, Texas in May 2025. Starship is the company’s next-generation, fully-reusable rocket system under development. In summary, by mid-2025 SpaceX is breaking launch records, advancing Starship’s development amid regulatory hurdles, expanding its Starlink network, and securing a growing share of civil and commercial space contracts. The following sections provide an in-depth analysis of the company’s history, technology, strategy, competition, and outlook. Company Background and History Founding and Vision: Space Exploration Technologies Corp. (SpaceX) was founded in 2002 by entrepreneur Elon Musk with the audacious
27 June 2025
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Global Technology Trends in June-2025: AI, Quantum, EVs, Space & Beyond

Global Technology Trends in June-2025: AI, Quantum, EVs, Space & Beyond

The global AI market is valued around $758 billion in 2025 and is projected to reach $3.68 trillion by 2034. Generative AI and large language models drove a 76% increase in spending in 2025. 78% of companies use AI in at least one function as of mid-2025. At Apple’s June 2025 WWDC, Apple unveiled on-device AI features including Live Translation, a “Personal Voice” assistant, and opened its core on-device AI model to third-party developers. Foldable smartphones are forecast to ship 27.6 million units in 2025, up about 70% CAGR since 2020. Apple’s Vision Pro AR headset, launched in 2024, will
26 June 2025
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Satellite Definition: Ultimate Guide from Sputnik to SpaceX and Beyond

Satellite Definition: Ultimate Guide from Sputnik to SpaceX and Beyond

Sputnik 1, launched on October 4, 1957, was the world’s first artificial satellite. Sputnik 2, launched in 1957, carried Laika the dog into orbit, the first living creature in space. Explorer 1, launched January 31, 1958, discovered Earth’s Van Allen radiation belts, proving satellites could do serious science. TIROS-1, launched in 1960, was the first weather satellite, demonstrating that orbiting cameras could observe cloud patterns and improve forecasting. Telstar 1, launched in July 1962, became the first active communications satellite and relayed the first live television signals across the Atlantic. Geostationary orbit at about 35,786 km above the equator allows
20 June 2025
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AstroForge Brokkr‑2 (Odin) Mission Overview and Objectives

AstroForge Brokkr‑2 (Odin) Mission Overview and Objectives

Odin (Brokkr-2) launched on Feb 26, 2025 aboard SpaceX Falcon 9 as part of Intuitive Machines’ IM-2 lunar mission. Its target was near-Earth asteroid 2022 OB5, about 20–30 meters in size (up to ~100 meters diameter) and suspected to be M-type metal-rich, with a flyby planned roughly 300 days after launch to confirm its metallic content. Odin is a ~120 kg fully fueled deep-space probe built on Orbital Astronautics’ ORB-50 platform, with about 1×1×0.7 m dimensions and an approximate development cost of US$3.5 million. The spacecraft uses electric propulsion with xenon thrusters supplied by Dawn Aerospace, enabling a cruise of
16 June 2025
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ISRO’s Lunar Success (Chandrayaan-3) and Momentum for Mars Exploration

ISRO’s Lunar Success (Chandrayaan-3) and Momentum for Mars Exploration

Chandrayaan-3, launched July 2023, achieved a soft landing near the Moon’s south pole on August 23, 2023, with lander Vikram and six-wheeled rover Pragyan. The mission conducted 14 days of surface operations and returned at least 1100 images and data, including ChaSTE soil temperature measurements to 10 cm depth. Chandrayaan-3 marked India’s first soft landing in the lunar south polar region and made India the fourth country to soft-land on the Moon. The mission cost was about $75 million. India’s Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM / Mangalyaan-1) launched on November 5, 2013 atop a PSLV-XL, with a dry mass of about
16 June 2025
The GEO Reboot: How 2040 Will Look from 36,000 km Up

The GEO Reboot: How 2040 Will Look from 36,000 km Up

By 2040, analysts expect the global GEO replacement rate to be 10–15 new satellites per year, totaling about 200 GEO satellites from 2024 to 2040 and replacing most of today’s roughly 350-satellite fleet. A typical GEO satellite is designed for about 15 years, but all-electric propulsion and on-orbit servicing can push operational life to 20–30 years, as shown by MEV extensions of Intelsat-901 and 10-02 in 2020–2021. NASA is phasing out the dedicated TDRS relay fleet by the mid-2030s and shifting to commercial SATCOM services from providers such as SpaceX, SES, Viasat, and Inmarsat, with NASA stopping new TDRS users
13 June 2025
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Unlocking the Sun: Inside NASA and ESA’s Daring Missions to Touch the Solar Inferno

Unlocking the Sun: Inside NASA and ESA’s Daring Missions to Touch the Solar Inferno

Parker Solar Probe, launched August 12, 2018 on a Delta IV Heavy, became NASA’s first mission to fly through the Sun’s corona and “touch the Sun” in April 2021 when it crossed the Alfvén critical boundary during its 8th orbit. At its closest approaches Parker reaches about 3.8–4 million miles (6.2 million km) from the Sun, roughly 9 solar radii, traveling faster than 430,000 mph (700,000 km/h). The probe’s heat shield is a 4.5-inch-thick carbon-composite foam sandwich that keeps instruments near room temperature while the shield surface heats to about 2,500°F (1,377°C). Parker carries four instrument suites—FIELDS, SWEAP, IS☉IS, and
8 June 2025
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Stock Market Today

Oil stocks jump on Iran risk lift for crude — what to watch before Monday

Oil stocks jump on Iran risk lift for crude — what to watch before Monday

7 February 2026
U.S. oil stocks surged Friday as crude prices rose on renewed Middle East tensions. Exxon Mobil gained 2.0%, ConocoPhillips 2.5%, and Occidental Petroleum 2.7%. Refiners rallied after a national union deal eased strike risk, though BP’s Whiting plant faces a local dispute. Brent settled at $68.05 a barrel, up 0.74%.
Silver price rebound masks fresh stress after CME lifts margins again

Silver price rebound masks fresh stress after CME lifts margins again

7 February 2026
Spot silver surged 8.6% to $77.33 an ounce Friday after dropping below $65, but still lost over 8.7% for the week. CME Group raised margin requirements for COMEX silver futures to 18% from 15%, effective after Feb. 6. China’s UBS SDIC Silver Futures Fund hit its 10% down limit for a fifth session. Traders await key U.S. jobs and inflation data next week.
Gold price near $5,000: China keeps buying as CME margin hikes raise the stakes

Gold price near $5,000: China keeps buying as CME margin hikes raise the stakes

7 February 2026
China’s central bank raised gold reserves for a 15th month in January, reaching 74.19 million ounces worth $369.58 billion. Gold prices swung sharply, hitting a record near $5,600 before dropping to $4,403.24. CME Group hiked COMEX gold futures margins to 9% after recent volatility. U.S. jobs and inflation data are due next week after a delay.
Amazon stock (AMZN) slides on $200 billion AI capex plan — what Wall Street watches next week

Amazon stock (AMZN) slides on $200 billion AI capex plan — what Wall Street watches next week

7 February 2026
Amazon shares fell 5.6% to $210.32 on Friday after the company forecast 2026 capital spending would jump to $200 billion, up more than 50% from 2025. The drop came as the Dow closed above 50,000 for the first time. Amazon reported fourth-quarter net sales up 14% to $213.4 billion and operating income at $25 billion. Trading in Amazon was volatile, with 179 million shares changing hands.
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