Blockchain is a distributed, append-only ledger where each transaction is grouped into a block cryptographically linked to the previous one, making the system tamper-resistant. Smart contracts on platforms like Ethereum are self-executing code that enforces agreements when conditions are met, operating with no downtime, censorship, or fraud. Walmart and IBM demonstrated a blockchain-based food-traceability system…
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3I/ATLAS is the third confirmed interstellar object to pass through our solar system, about 20 kilometers in diameter, detected by NASA’s ATLAS telescope, with a closest approach of 270 million kilometers. Nvidia briefly reached a $3.92 trillion market cap, the highest on record, driven by surging demand for AI chips. Microsoft announced 9,000 job cuts…
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In mid-June 2025, Waymo applied for a New York City permit to begin autonomous car tests with safety drivers, potentially making NYC’s first AV pilot if approved. As of June 2025, Waymo operates about 1,500 self-driving vehicles and handles over 250,000 rides per week across San Francisco, Los Angeles, Phoenix, and Austin. In late June…
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Global telecom equipment revenues declined about 11% in 2024 and are forecast to be essentially flat in 2025. Huawei remains the leading telecom equipment supplier with about 31% global market share, ahead of Nokia at 14% and Ericsson at 13%. Ericsson’s Mobility Report (June 2025) projects 5G subscriptions reaching about 2.9 billion by the end…
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In 2022 Taiwan had about 6.55 million fixed broadband accounts, with 4.12 million (63%) fiber-based and 2.17 million (≈33%) cable modem subscribers, while ADSL subscriptions fell to around 260,000. As of 2024, the median fixed download speed is about 198 Mbps (mean ~137 Mbps), over 45% of fixed accounts enjoy 100–500 Mbps, and gigabit subscribers…
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In 2008, Satoshi Nakamoto published the Bitcoin whitepaper, and in January 2009 Bitcoin’s genesis block was mined. The 2016 DAO hack on Ethereum triggered a hard fork. Vitalik Buterin proposed Ethereum in 2013, and the Ethereum Frontier network went live in July 2015, introducing smart contracts. By 2019, Walmart deployed a food traceability system using…
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Xona’s Pulsar constellation plans to deploy 250–300 small LEO satellites at about 326 miles (525 km) altitude to deliver centimeter-level PNT. Pulsar signals are encrypted and authenticated, with satellites orbiting ~40× closer to Earth than GPS to produce about 100× stronger received signals. A ‘cloud architecture for atomic clocks’ coordinates timing from ground stations instead…
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By September 2023, 71% of Finnish households had gigabit fixed broadband (1 Gbps) and 78% had 100 Mbps+ speeds, driven by 61% fiber access by end-2023. Finland aims for every household to have at least 100 Mbps connectivity (upgradeable to 1 Gbps) by 2025, with a national plan to reach full 1 Gbps nationwide by…
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Romania’s first Internet connection was established in 1993 via ici.ro. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, urban residents built “rețele de cartier” by stringing Ethernet cables between buildings, helping the country leapfrog DSL. By 2020 Romania ranked third in the world for fastest fixed internet speeds, behind Singapore and Hong Kong. As of 2024,…
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Amazon Robotics (formerly Kiva Systems) operates over 500,000 mobile robots in its fulfillment centers to power rapid order fulfillment. DJI remains the world’s largest drone manufacturer, commanding over 70% of the global market with flagship Phantom and Mavic series. SoftBank Robotics’ Pepper humanoid, launched in 2014, was the world’s first full-scale consumer-facing humanoid robot and…
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