Inside Madagascar’s Internet Revolution: From Mobile Networks to Starlink Skies
Madagascar’s 2Africa submarine cable became operational in late 2023, joining EASSy, LION/LION2, and METISS. Fixed broadband penetration remains at just 0.11 per 100 people in 2023, with most relying on mobile networks. Starlink launched in mid-2024, capturing about 10% of the market by late 2024. As of early 2025, only 20.4% of the population—about 6.6 million—were online.