Marcin Frąckiewicz

CEO of TS2 Space and founder of TS2.tech. Expert in satellites, telecommunications, and emerging technologies, covering trends in space, AI, and connectivity.

Portable Satellite Internet: Starlink Mini vs. Starlink Standard vs. Amazon’s Kuiper Terminal

Portable Satellite Internet: Starlink Mini vs. Starlink Standard vs. Amazon’s Kuiper Terminal

Starlink Standard Kit includes a 23.4″ x 15.1″ motorized dish (~6.4 lb) with IP67 weather sealing, a 49 ft cable to a Wi‑Fi 6 router, and delivers up to about 220 Mbps down with 20–50 ms latency on Roam plans, priced around $599 for the kit and $150/mo unlimited Roam or $50/mo Roam 50GB. Starlink Mini is an all‑in‑one unit about 11.75″ x 10.2″ x 1.45″, weighing ~2.5 lb, with 12–48V DC input, 110° field of view, manual pointing, built‑in Wi‑Fi 5, ~1,200 sq ft coverage, and speeds over 100 Mbps with ~20–30 ms latency, priced at $599 with Roam
Wi‑Fi Titans Clash: Starlink Gen3 vs TP‑Link Deco BE95 vs Netgear Orbi 970 – 2025 Mesh Router Showdown

Wi‑Fi Titans Clash: Starlink Gen3 vs TP‑Link Deco BE95 vs Netgear Orbi 970 – 2025 Mesh Router Showdown

Starlink Gen3 Router is a tri‑band Wi‑Fi 6 base station designed for SpaceX Starlink, priced at about $199, with 2× Gigabit LAN ports and support for up to 3 Starlink mesh nodes. The Gen3 router uses the Starlink dish uplink as its WAN and cannot input a non‑Starlink ISP, making it a Starlink‑specific solution. The maximum theoretical throughput is 3.2 Gbps, with real‑world tests showing about 864 Mbps near the router and 203 Mbps at 50 feet. TP‑Link Deco BE95 is a quad‑band Wi‑Fi 7 mesh system, nicknamed BE33000, featuring two 6 GHz bands and up to 33 Gbps theoretical
23 August 2025
Mach 2+ Monsters: Ranking the World’s Fastest Fighter Jets (U.S., Russia, China & More)

Mach 2+ Monsters: Ranking the World’s Fastest Fighter Jets (U.S., Russia, China & More)

MiG-25 “Foxbat”: Mach 2.83 (about 1,900 mph / 3,058 km/h), the fastest operational fighter; in 1976 a defector flew one to Japan and testing reached Mach 3.2, with only a handful remaining in service as recon aircraft. MiG-31 “Foxhound”: Mach 2.83 (≈1,900 mph / 3,058 km/h) long-range interceptor and one of the fastest jets still in active service with Russia. F-15 Eagle: Mach 2.5+ (about 1,650–1,875 mph), introduced in the 1970s, with the F-15EX reportedly clocking top speeds near Mach 3 in tests while the official operational limit remains about Mach 2.5. Sukhoi Su-27 “Flanker” family: Mach 2.35 (≈1,550–1,600 mph)
23 August 2025
Battle of the Ultra-Rugged Watches: Apple Watch Ultra vs Garmin Tactix vs Luminox Navy SEAL (2025 Showdown)

Ultra Smartwatch Showdown: Apple Watch Ultra 2 vs Garmin Tactix 7 AMOLED vs Samsung Galaxy Watch Ultra (2025 Edition)

Apple Watch Ultra 2 uses a 49 mm aerospace-grade titanium case with a new black finish, EN13319 dive certification, WR100 water resistance, IP6X dust resistance, an orange Action Button, sapphire crystal, a 1.92-inch LTPO OLED display up to 3000 nits, and dual‑frequency GPS. Garmin Tactix 7 AMOLED is a 51 mm model with a fiber-reinforced polymer body, DLC-coated titanium bezel, sapphire glass, MIL-STD-810, 10 ATM water resistance, a tactical nylon band, and modes like Night Vision and Stealth. Samsung Galaxy Watch Ultra (2024/2025) features a 47 mm titanium case with sapphire cover glass, 10 ATM water resistance, ISO 22810, MIL-STD-810H,
23 August 2025
Rugged Watch Showdown 2025: Citizen Promaster Tough vs Alpina AlpinerX Pro GPS vs Seiko Prospex Fieldmaster

Ultimate Rugged Watch Showdown 2025: Citizen Promaster Tough vs Alpina AlpinerX Pro GPS vs Luminox Navy SEAL Series

The Citizen Promaster Tough features a 41mm Super Titanium case with Duratect and a one-piece monocoque design, weighing about 108 grams on bracelet. It runs Eco-Drive caliber E168, is solar-powered from any light, requires no battery changes, and offers roughly ±15 seconds per month accuracy. It is rated to 200 meters water resistance and uses an anti-reflective sapphire crystal for durability and legibility. The AlpinerX Pro GPS (Alive) is a 45mm fiberglass-reinforced case with sapphire crystal and 100m WR, incorporating GPS, heart-rate monitoring, and five environmental sensors (altimeter, barometer, compass, thermometer, UV). It uses Alpina’s AL-284 connected movement with a
23 August 2025
Seiko “Arnie” SNJ025 vs Timex Expedition Atlantis vs Casio Pro Trek PRW-3500: Comprehensive Outdoor Watch Comparison

Seiko “Arnie” SNJ025 vs Timex Expedition Atlantis vs Casio Pro Trek PRW-3500: Comprehensive Outdoor Watch Comparison

The Seiko Prospex SNJ025 “Arnie” is a solar-powered analog-digital dive watch (Caliber H851) that runs ~6 months on a full charge, up to 21 months in power-save, with ±15 seconds per month accuracy. The Timex Expedition Atlantis T5K463 is a 100-meter water-resistant digital watch with ~5–7 years battery life on CR2016 and a weight of about 30 grams. The Casio Pro Trek PRW-3500-1 uses Tough Solar with Multi-Band 6 atomic timekeeping, and after a full charge its battery lasts about 23 months in power-save mode with automatic radio time synchronization. The Seiko SNJ025 is an analog-digital hybrid with a 12
23 August 2025
Battle of the Ultra-Rugged Watches: Apple Watch Ultra vs Garmin Tactix vs Luminox Navy SEAL (2025 Showdown)

Battle of the Ultra-Rugged Watches: Apple Watch Ultra vs Garmin Tactix vs Luminox Navy SEAL (2025 Showdown)

Apple Watch Ultra features a 49mm aerospace-grade titanium case, a flat sapphire crystal, and weighs about 61g. Garmin’s Tactix 7 AMOLED Edition and the Tactix 8 come in about 47mm and 51mm sizes with a fiber-reinforced polymer core, a black DLC-coated titanium bezel, and a sapphire crystal. Luminox Navy SEAL watches use CARBONOX cases (44–45mm Navy SEAL 3500) with a unidirectional bezel, hardened mineral glass, 25-year tritium glow, and carry a 2-year warranty. Apple Watch Ultra provides roughly 36 hours of typical use, up to about 60 hours in Low Power Mode, with about 80% charge in an hour. Garmin
Ultimate Adventure Watch Showdown: Coros Nomad vs Garmin Fenix 8 vs Polar Grit X Pro (2025 Edition)

Ultimate Adventure Watch Showdown: Coros Nomad vs Garmin Fenix 8 vs Polar Grit X Pro (2025 Edition)

Coros Nomad uses a dual-frequency GNSS chipset for multi-band tracking and offers 32 GB offline color maps plus the Adventure Journal with voice-tag pins and fishing modes. The Nomad measures 47.8 × 47.8 mm, is 14.8 mm thick, weighs 61 g with a silicone strap (49 g with nylon), and uses mineral glass. Garmin Fenix 8 Sapphire Solar delivers up to 92 hours of GPS with sun on the 47 mm model and up to 149 hours on the 51 mm model, thanks to the solar edge ring. Garmin Fenix 8 Sapphire Solar features preloaded topographic maps with routable navigation,
23 August 2025
Garmin Instinct 3 Solar vs Amazfit T-Rex 3 vs Suunto Core – Ultimate Rugged Watch Showdown

Garmin Instinct 3 Solar vs Amazfit T-Rex 3 vs Suunto Core – Ultimate Rugged Watch Showdown

Garmin Instinct 3 Solar features a 45 mm fiber-reinforced polymer case with a 0.9-inch monochrome MIP LCD and a small secondary display, plus MIL-STD-810 certified protection to 10 ATM (100 m). The Instinct 3 Solar adds a built-in LED flashlight and claims “unlimited battery life” in smartwatch mode with about 3 hours of 50,000 lux sunlight per day. Garmin lists up to 260 hours of GPS-only battery life for the Instinct 3 Solar, with an expedition GPS mode that can run indefinitely with solar under the right conditions. It uses multiband dual-frequency GNSS with SatIQ, along with altimeter, barometer, compass,
23 August 2025
Rugged Watch Showdown 2025: Citizen Promaster Tough vs Alpina AlpinerX Pro GPS vs Seiko Prospex Fieldmaster

Rugged Watch Showdown 2025: Citizen Promaster Tough vs Alpina AlpinerX Pro GPS vs Seiko Prospex Fieldmaster

Citizen Promaster Tough uses a one-piece monocoque case with Duratect hardening, making the case five times harder than standard steel, and is offered with a 5-year warranty. The 2023 Ray Mears edition in Super Titanium (BN0118/BN0241) measures 41mm x ~12mm and weighs about 50g. The Promaster Tough runs on Citizen Eco-Drive Caliber E168, a solar quartz movement that yields up to six months of run time in darkness on a full charge. It is rated to 200m water resistance with a screw-down crown and sapphire crystal, and it has no smart sensors or digital displays. AlpinerX Pro GPS Alive uses
23 August 2025
Everything You Need to Know About the COROS Nomad: The Game-Changing Adventure Watch

Battle of the Adventure Watches: Garmin Instinct 3 vs COROS Nomad vs Suunto Vertical Titanium

Garmin Instinct 3 offers two display options—transflective MIP with Solar and a bright 1.2–1.3-inch AMOLED—available in 45mm and 50mm, with the AMOLED version not featuring a touchscreen and controlled solely by five physical buttons. The COROS Nomad provides full-color offline maps with turn-by-turn navigation plus 32 GB of storage and dual-frequency GNSS on L1+L5 (GPS/GLONASS/Galileo/BeiDou/QZSS) at a $349 price. Suunto Vertical Titanium Solar uses a 49mm Grade 5 titanium case (about 74 g with strap), 100 m water resistance, and onboard offline topo maps with a solar charging ring enabling extended GPS life. All three watches support dual-frequency GNSS, with
23 August 2025
Casio G-Shock “CasiOak” Showdown: GA-2100 vs. GA-B2100 vs. GM-B2100 – The Ultimate 2025 Guide

Casio G-Shock “CasiOak” Showdown: GA-2100 vs. GA-B2100 vs. GM-B2100 – The Ultimate 2025 Guide

The GA-2100 debuted in 2019 as the original “CasiOak,” with an octagonal bezel and Carbon Core Guard resin, and at 11.8 mm thick became the slimmest G-Shock ever. The GA-B2100, released in 2022, adds Tough Solar and Bluetooth while preserving a 48.5 × 45.4 mm case and an 11.9 mm thickness, weighing about 52 g. The GA-B2100’s 9 o’clock sub-dial now indicates the mode and battery level, reflecting its solar-powered design, unlike the GA-2100’s day-of-week indicator. The GA-B2100 includes solar charging and Bluetooth smartphone linking, enabling auto time sync to the phone up to four times per day and a
23 August 2025
G-Shock Square Showdown: DW-5600UE-1 vs DW-5600BB-1 vs GMW-B5000TB – Which Iconic “Square” Reigns Supreme?

G-Shock Square Showdown: DW-5600UE-1 vs DW-5600BB-1 vs GMW-B5000TB – Which Iconic “Square” Reigns Supreme?

The three models in this comparison are the DW-5600UE-1 (2023 Updated Edition), the DW-5600BB-1 (Blackout, 2012), and the GMW-B5000TB (Full-Metal Titanium, 2019 35th Anniversary edition). The DW-5600UE-1 weighs about 52 g, the DW-5600BB-1 around 53–60 g, and the GMW-B5000TB about 110 g. The DW-5600UE-1 uses a resin case and band with a stainless steel back, the DW-5600BB-1 uses the same resin construction with a stainless back plate, and the GMW-B5000TB uses a titanium case, bezel, back, and bracelet with a DLC coating. The crystal materials are mineral glass for the DW-5600UE-1 and DW-5600BB-1, and sapphire crystal with AR coating for
23 August 2025
Everything You Need to Know About the COROS Nomad: The Game-Changing Adventure Watch

Garmin Instinct 3 vs COROS Nomad vs Luminox Navy SEAL Series (2025 Comparison)

Garmin’s Instinct 3 released in early 2025 with an AMOLED display option alongside the existing transflective MIP panel. Instinct 3 is offered in 40mm (Instinct 3 E), 45mm, and 50mm sizes, with the 45mm and 50mm variants rated to 10 ATM and featuring a bolted metal bezel. The Luminox Navy SEAL Series uses a CARBONOX case, is water resistant to 200 m, and employs Tritium illumination for always-on visibility. The COROS Nomad, launched in August 2025, has a 45mm case (~61 g with silicone band) and 50 m water resistance. Nomad includes 32 GB of on-watch storage and full-color topographic
23 August 2025
Comparison of Casio G-Shock Rangeman GW-9400, Rangeman GPR-B1000 (GPS), and Gulfmaster GWN-Q1000

Comparison of Casio G-Shock Rangeman GW-9400, Rangeman GPR-B1000 (GPS), and Gulfmaster GWN-Q1000

GW-9400 Rangeman (2013) introduced Casio Triple Sensor Ver.3 with Altimeter, Barometer, Compass and Thermometer in a 55 × 53.5 × 18.2 mm digital G-Shock, weighing about 93 g, with 200 m water resistance and Multi-Band 6 radio timekeeping. GPR-B1000 Rangeman (GPS) (2018) added standalone GPS navigation with up to 20 tracks and 60 points, Bluetooth to the Casio Watches app, and wireless charging, in a 60.3 × 57.7 × 20.2 mm case weighing about 142 g with sapphire crystal and 200 m water resistance. GWN-Q1000 Gulfmaster (2016) is an analog-digital hybrid with Quad Sensor including a depth gauge, in a
23 August 2025
You Won’t Believe What macOS Sonoma Can Do Compared to Windows 11 and Ubuntu 24.04

You Won’t Believe What macOS Sonoma Can Do Compared to Windows 11 and Ubuntu 24.04

Windows 11 requires a 64-bit CPU with at least 2 cores, 4 GB of RAM, 64 GB storage, TPM 2.0, and Secure Boot, and it introduces a centered Start Menu, Snap Layouts, and DirectStorage for faster game load times. macOS Sonoma (macOS 14) adds interactive desktop widgets and high-resolution screen savers while keeping the familiar top menu bar and Dock, plus Game Mode and a Game Porting Toolkit to run Windows games on Mac. Ubuntu 24.04, code-named Noble Numbat, uses GNOME 46 and kernel 6.8, and offers 12 years of support via Ubuntu Pro on LTS releases. Windows 11 is
22 August 2025
Unbelievable Evolution of Underwater Cameras – From Victorian Gadgets to 8K AI

Unbelievable Evolution of Underwater Cameras – From Victorian Gadgets to 8K AI

In 1856, William Thompson took the first submerged photo by lowering a box camera into a pool. In 1893, Louis Boutan built a crude waterproof housing and captured the first underwater photo while diving. Jacques Cousteau’s The Silent World (1956) used specially outfitted underwater cameras. The Nikonos V, introduced in 1984, made diving photography affordable and widespread. GoPro was founded in 2002, popularizing reef-diving images with its wide-angle waterproof action cams. GoPro HERO13 Black, launched in 2024, features 5.3K video, advanced stabilization, and waterproof operation to about 200 ft with an optional case. DeepTrekker’s ROV can carry high-end cameras and
22 August 2025
2025 Console Showdown: PS5 vs Xbox Series X vs Nintendo Switch OLED – The Ultimate Comparison

2025 Console Showdown: PS5 vs Xbox Series X vs Nintendo Switch OLED – The Ultimate Comparison

The PS5 Pro, released in November 2024, features 60 compute units at 2.35 GHz for about 16.7 TFLOPs and a +28% memory bandwidth boost. Both PS5 models use an AMD Zen 2 8-core CPU up to 3.5 GHz and 16 GB GDDR6 RAM, with a base 825 GB NVMe SSD on PS5 and a 2 TB SSD on PS5 Pro. The Xbox Series X uses an AMD Zen 2 8-core CPU at 3.8 GHz (3.6 GHz SMT), a RDNA2 GPU with 52 CUs at 1.825 GHz (about 12.15 TFLOPs), and a 1 TB NVMe SSD. A 2024 refresh for Xbox
22 August 2025
Streaming Wars 2025: Apple TV+ vs Amazon Prime Video vs Max – Who Wins on Price, Content & Quality?

Streaming Wars 2025: Apple TV+ vs Amazon Prime Video vs Max – Who Wins on Price, Content & Quality?

Apple TV+ launched in 2019 at $4.99/month and, after price hikes, reached $12.99/month in August 2025 in the U.S., with no ad-supported tier and annual plans around $99. Prime Video is included with Amazon Prime for $14.99/month or $139/year, or available as a standalone $8.99/month, and from early 2024 ads began by default with a $2.99/month ad-free upgrade (about $17.98/month for Prime + ad-free). Max offers an Ad-supported plan at $9.99/month, Standard Ad-Free at $16.99/month, and Ultimate Ad-Free at $20.99/month with 4K HDR and Dolby Atmos, and in 2023 it rebranded to Max before returning to the HBO Max branding
Mid‑Range Showdown 2025: Redmi Note 15 vs Google Pixel 9a vs OnePlus 13R – Which Budget Champion Prevails?

Mid‑Range Showdown 2025: Redmi Note 15 vs Google Pixel 9a vs OnePlus 13R – Which Budget Champion Prevails?

OnePlus 13R uses Snapdragon 8 Gen 3 with up to 12GB LPDDR5X RAM and 256GB UFS 4.0 storage, launched January 7, 2025 with sales starting January 15, 2025 at $599. Google Pixel 9a runs the Tensor G4 on a 4nm process, paired with 8GB RAM and up to 256GB UFS 3.1, features a 6.3-inch 2424×1080 120Hz OLED, and arrived April 10, 2025 with a 7-year update promise. Redmi Note 15 runs on Snapdragon 6s Gen 3, with 6GB/128GB base up to 12GB+256GB, a 6.77-inch 120Hz OLED, up to 3200 nits brightness, a 5800 mAh battery, and 45W fast charging, while
22 August 2025
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Stock Market Today

Linde stock price falls as LIN heads into weekend; JPMorgan downgrade and guidance in focus

Linde stock price falls as LIN heads into weekend; JPMorgan downgrade and guidance in focus

7 February 2026
Linde plc shares fell 2.5% to $448.24 Friday after reporting Q4 sales up 6% to $8.76 billion and adjusted EPS of $4.20. The company guided 2026 adjusted EPS to $17.40–$17.90, below analyst consensus. JPMorgan downgraded the stock, while Morgan Stanley and UBS raised price targets. Linde repurchased $1.4 billion in shares in Q4 and returned $7.4 billion to shareholders in 2025.
GE Vernova stock closes up nearly 6% — what to watch before Monday’s trade

GE Vernova stock closes up nearly 6% — what to watch before Monday’s trade

7 February 2026
GE Vernova shares jumped 5.6% to $779.35 Friday as Wall Street rallied and the company reported 1.1 GW of U.S. wind repower orders for 2025. The company also closed its $5.3 billion purchase of the remaining Prolec GE stake and completed a $2.6 billion senior notes offering. Investors await next week’s U.S. jobs and inflation data.
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