From Sputnik to Sanctions: Inside Russia’s Space & Satellite Industry 2025
Russia conducted 19 orbital launches in 2023, down 25% from 2021, as Roscosmos faces global competition and sanctions. The sector employs about 250,000 across 100+ organizations, mostly state-run. As of mid-2024, Russia has around 244 satellites in orbit, with many aging due to launch delays. Sanctions have cost Roscosmos an estimated ₽180 billion in lost contracts.