Author: Marcin Frąckiewicz

Comoros is a small archipelago nation in the Indian Ocean, comprised of three main islands – Grande Comore (Ngazidja), Anjouan (Ndzuwani), and Mohéli (Mwali) – along with the neighboring French territory of Mayotte freiheit.org. Its geography poses unique challenges for telecommunications: the islands are separated by ocean channels and are volcanic and mountainous, making infrastructure…
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Imagine a satellite that not only takes pictures of Earth, but can also identify what materials compose each pixel of the image. This is the promise of hyperspectral imaging – a technology giving satellites “super-vision” across hundreds of colors beyond human sight. Hyperspectral sensors capture detailed spectral fingerprints of objects by measuring reflected light in…
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Introduction – A Nation Offline The Democratic Republic of the Congo is a country of over 100 million people, but only about 27% of the population was using the internet as of early 2024 datareportal.com. This means roughly 75 million Congolese remain offline, a staggering digital gap in the heart of Africa datareportal.com. For comparison,…
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Imagine peering down at Earth through thick clouds or the dead of night and still seeing clear images of the surface. Traditional optical satellites are blind in such conditions – in fact, at any given moment about 75% of the planet is obscured either by cloud cover or darkness, making it inaccessible to optical imaging…
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Colombia has seen rapid growth in internet access, reaching roughly three-quarters of the population online as of 2024 datareportal.com. Mobile phones and home broadband have become common in urban areas, transforming how Colombians communicate, work, and learn. However, these gains also mask stark disparities – a deep digital divide separates well-connected cities from rural and…
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Satellites have become our planet’s orbiting guardians, silently circling Earth and gathering data that help scientists unravel the story of climate change. Using advanced sensors, these high-tech observers measure everything from global temperatures and greenhouse gas levels to shrinking ice sheets and disappearing forests. The result is a revolution in climate monitoring – a wealth…
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Chad, a vast landlocked nation in Central Africa, has one of the world’s lowest rates of internet connectivity. As of early 2025, only about 13% of Chadians use the internet, compared to a global average around 60% capmad.com. This places Chad near the bottom globally in internet access. The digital infrastructure is underdeveloped, and most…
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Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) like GPS have revolutionized how we find our position on Earth. Yet, the standard GPS accuracy (on the order of several meters) often isn’t sufficient for missions like precision farming, engineering surveys, autonomous navigation, or tectonic measurements gssc.esa.int. To bridge this accuracy gap, two advanced techniques have emerged over the…
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Overview of Internet Access in Cape Verde Cape Verde (Cabo Verde) has made significant strides in expanding internet access across its islands. As of early 2025, about 73.5% of the population are internet users, up from roughly 72% a year prior datareportal.com datareportal.com. In absolute terms, this represents approximately 387,000 users out of a population…
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Have you ever taken GPS for granted on your phone and wondered if other countries have their own “GPS”? It turns out an intense global navigation space race is underway – and the upgrades are astonishing. The U.S., Europe, China, and Russia are modernizing and expanding their Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) like never before.…
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